Variational inference in nonconjugate models

  • Authors:
  • Chong Wang;David M. Blei

  • Affiliations:
  • Machine Learning Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA;Department of Computer Science, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ

  • Venue:
  • The Journal of Machine Learning Research
  • Year:
  • 2013

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Abstract

Mean-field variational methods are widely used for approximate posterior inference in many probabilistic models. In a typical application, mean-field methods approximately compute the posterior with a coordinate-ascent optimization algorithm. When the model is conditionally conjugate, the coordinate updates are easily derived and in closed form. However, many models of interest--like the correlated topic model and Bayesian logistic regression--are nonconjugate. In these models, mean-field methods cannot be directly applied and practitioners have had to develop variational algorithms on a case-by-case basis. In this paper, we develop two generic methods for nonconjugate models, Laplace variational inference and delta method variational inference. Our methods have several advantages: they allow for easily derived variational algorithms with a wide class of nonconjugate models; they extend and unify some of the existing algorithms that have been derived for specific models; and they work well on real-world data sets. We studied our methods on the correlated topic model, Bayesian logistic regression, and hierarchical Bayesian logistic regression.