On stress resultant geometrically exact shell model. Part I: formulation and optimal parametrization
Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering
A 4-node 3D-shell element to model shell surface tractions and incompressible behavior
Computers and Structures
Penalty methods for time domain computational dynamics based on positive and negative inertia
Computers and Structures
Increasing the critical time step: micro-inertia, inertia penalties and mass scaling
Computational Mechanics
Variational methods for selective mass scaling
Computational Mechanics
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Explicit integration is often used in highly nonlinear finite element structural dynamics simulations. However, explicit time integration is stable only if the used time-step is smaller than a critical threshold, which can be shown to depend on the smallest geometrical dimension of the finite elements in the mesh. This aspect is particularly critical when solid-shell elements are used for the analysis of thin walled structures, since the small thickness can lead to unacceptably small time-steps. A selective mass scaling technique, based on a linear transformation of the element degrees of freedom, is proposed in this paper to increase the size of the critical time-step without affecting the dynamic response. An analytical procedure is also developed for the computation of the element highest eigenfrequency and estimate of the critical time-step size. The computational effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed methodology is tested on the basis of numerical examples.