Cello: a disk scheduling framework for next generation operating systems
SIGMETRICS '98/PERFORMANCE '98 Proceedings of the 1998 ACM SIGMETRICS joint international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Xen and the art of virtualization
SOSP '03 Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Multi-dimensional storage virtualization
Proceedings of the joint international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Interposed proportional sharing for a storage service utility
Proceedings of the joint international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Triage: Performance differentiation for storage systems using adaptive control
ACM Transactions on Storage (TOS)
Storage performance virtualization via throughput and latency control
ACM Transactions on Storage (TOS)
Virtual I/O scheduler: a scheduler of schedulers for performance virtualization
Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Virtual execution environments
pClock: an arrival curve based approach for QoS guarantees in shared storage systems
Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Optimizing network virtualization in Xen
ATEC '06 Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX '06 Annual Technical Conference
Argon: performance insulation for shared storage servers
FAST '07 Proceedings of the 5th USENIX conference on File and Storage Technologies
Scheduling I/O in virtual machine monitors
Proceedings of the fourth ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS international conference on Virtual execution environments
Efficient guaranteed disk request scheduling with fahrrad
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM SIGOPS/EuroSys European Conference on Computer Systems 2008
Towards End-to-End Quality of Service: Controlling I/O Interference in Shared Storage Servers
Middleware '08 Proceedings of the ACM/IFIP/USENIX 9th International Middleware Conference
A break in the clouds: towards a cloud definition
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Task-aware virtual machine scheduling for I/O performance.
Proceedings of the 2009 ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS international conference on Virtual execution environments
Disk Scheduling with Quality of Service Guarantees
ICMCS '99 Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems - Volume 02
Automated control of multiple virtualized resources
Proceedings of the 4th ACM European conference on Computer systems
PARDA: proportional allocation of resources for distributed storage access
FAST '09 Proccedings of the 7th conference on File and storage technologies
Negotiating and Enforcing QoS and SLAs in Grid and Cloud Computing
GPC '09 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Advances in Grid and Pervasive Computing
Efficient and adaptive proportional share I/O scheduling
ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review
Empirical evaluation of latency-sensitive application performance in the cloud
MMSys '10 Proceedings of the first annual ACM SIGMM conference on Multimedia systems
Does virtualization make disk scheduling passé?
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review
Differential virtual time (DVT): rethinking I/O service differentiation for virtual machines
Proceedings of the 1st ACM symposium on Cloud computing
High Throughput Disk Scheduling with Fair Bandwidth Distribution
IEEE Transactions on Computers
mClock: handling throughput variability for hypervisor IO scheduling
OSDI'10 Proceedings of the 9th USENIX conference on Operating systems design and implementation
Selective hardware/software memory virtualization
Proceedings of the 7th ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS international conference on Virtual execution environments
Towards Pay-As-You-Consume Cloud Computing
SCC '11 Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE International Conference on Services Computing
Adaptive Disk I/O Scheduling for MapReduce in Virtualized Environment
ICPP '11 Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Parallel Processing
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While virtualization enables multiple virtual machines (VMs)-with multiple operating systems and applications-to run within a physical server, it also complicates resource allocations trying to guarantee Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of the diverse applications running within these VMs. As QoS is crucial in the cloud, considerable research efforts have been directed towards CPU, memory and network allocations to provide effective QoS to VMs, but little attention has been devoted to disk resource allocation. This paper presents the design and implementation of Flubber, a two-level scheduling framework that decouples throughput and latency allocation to provide QoS guarantees to VMs while maintaining high disk utilization. The high-level throughput control regulates the pending requests from the VMs with an adaptive credit-rate controller, in order to meet the throughput requirements of different VMs and ensure performance isolation. Meanwhile, the low-level latency control, by the virtue of the batch and delay earliest deadline first mechanism (BD-EDF), re-orders all pending requests from VMs based on their deadlines, and batches them to disk devices taking into account the locality of accesses across VMs. We have implemented Flubber and made extensive evaluations on a Xen-based host. The results show that Flubber can simultaneously meet the different service requirements of VMs while improving the efficiency of the physical disk. The results also show improvement of up to 25% in the VM performance over state-of-art approaches: for example, in contract to the default Xen disk I/O scheduler-Completely Fair Queueing (CFQ)-besides achieving the desired QoS of each VM, Flubber speeds up the sequential and random reads by 17% and 25%, respectively, due to the efficient physical disk utilization.