ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
Reimplementing the Cedar file system using logging and group commit
SOSP '87 Proceedings of the eleventh ACM Symposium on Operating systems principles
A case for redundant arrays of inexpensive disks (RAID)
SIGMOD '88 Proceedings of the 1988 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
The design and implementation of a log-structured file system
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
Bugs as deviant behavior: a general approach to inferring errors in systems code
SOSP '01 Proceedings of the eighteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Unifying File System Protection
Proceedings of the General Track: 2002 USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Improving the reliability of commodity operating systems
SOSP '03 Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System
The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System
Commercial Fault Tolerance: A Tale of Two Systems
IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing
Disk Scrubbing in Large Archival Storage Systems
MASCOTS '04 Proceedings of the The IEEE Computer Society's 12th Annual International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis, and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunications Systems
Soft Errors in Advanced Computer Systems
IEEE Design & Test
Understanding The Linux Kernel
Understanding The Linux Kernel
EW 10 Proceedings of the 10th workshop on ACM SIGOPS European workshop
The Design of New Journaling File Systems: The DualFS Case
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Running "Fsck" in the background
BSDC'02 Proceedings of the BSD Conference 2002 on BSD Conference
Using model checking to find serious file system errors
OSDI'04 Proceedings of the 6th conference on Symposium on Opearting Systems Design & Implementation - Volume 6
An analysis of latent sector errors in disk drives
Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
File system design for an NFS file server appliance
WTEC'94 Proceedings of the USENIX Winter 1994 Technical Conference on USENIX Winter 1994 Technical Conference
EXPLODE: a lightweight, general system for finding serious storage system errors
OSDI '06 Proceedings of the 7th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation - Volume 7
Metadata update performance in file systems
OSDI '94 Proceedings of the 1st USENIX conference on Operating Systems Design and Implementation
Fast consistency checking for the Solaris file system
ATEC '98 Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Scalability in the XFS file system
ATEC '96 Proceedings of the 1996 annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
A comparison of FFS disk allocation policies
ATEC '96 Proceedings of the 1996 annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
An analysis of data corruption in the storage stack
FAST'08 Proceedings of the 6th USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies
DRAM errors in the wild: a large-scale field study
Proceedings of the eleventh international joint conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
End-to-end data integrity for file systems: a ZFS case study
FAST'10 Proceedings of the 8th USENIX conference on File and storage technologies
SQCK: a declarative file system checker
OSDI'08 Proceedings of the 8th USENIX conference on Operating systems design and implementation
More than an interface: scsi vs. ata
FAST'03 Proceedings of the 2nd USENIX conference on File and storage technologies
Chunkfs: using divide-and-conquer to improve file system reliability and repair
HotDep'06 Proceedings of the Second conference on Hot topics in system dependability
Scalable testing of file system checkers
Proceedings of the 7th ACM european conference on Computer Systems
Recon: verifying file system consistency at runtime
FAST'12 Proceedings of the 10th USENIX conference on File and Storage Technologies
FAST'12 Proceedings of the 10th USENIX conference on File and Storage Technologies
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Failures, errors, and bugs can corrupt file systems and cause data loss, despite the presence of journals and similar preventive techniques. While consistency checkers such as fsck can detect corruption and repair a damaged image, they are generally created as an afterthought, to be run only at rare intervals. Thus, checkers operate slowly, causing significant downtime for large scale storage systems. We address this dilemma by treating the checker as a key component of the overall file system, rather than a peripheral add-on. To this end, we present a modified ext3 file system, rext3, to directly support the fast file-system checker, ffsck. Rext3 colocates and self-identifies its metadata blocks, removing the need for costly seeks and tree traversals during checking. These modifications allow ffsck to scan and repair the file system at rates approaching the full sequential bandwidth of the underlying device. In addition, we demonstrate that rext3 generally performs competitively with ext3 and exceeds it in handling random reads and large writes. Finally, we apply our principles to FreeBSD’s FFS file system and its checker, doing so in a lightweight fashion that preserves the file-system layout while still providing some of the performance gains from ffsck.