Character recognition—a review
Pattern Recognition
A training algorithm for optimal margin classifiers
COLT '92 Proceedings of the fifth annual workshop on Computational learning theory
Machine Learning
Machine-printed and hand-written text lines identification
Pattern Recognition Letters
Machine Learning
Characterizing and Distinguishing Text in Bank Cheque Images
SIBGRAPI '02 Proceedings of the 15th Brazilian Symposium on Computer Graphics and Image Processing
Automatic Separation of Machine-Printed and Hand-Written Text Lines
ICDAR '99 Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
Separating Handwritten Material from Machine Printed Text Using Hidden Markov Models
ICDAR '01 Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
On the algorithmic implementation of multiclass kernel-based vector machines
The Journal of Machine Learning Research
Machine Printed Text and Handwriting Identification in Noisy Document Images
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Distinctive Image Features from Scale-Invariant Keypoints
International Journal of Computer Vision
Discrimination of Machine-Printed from Handwritten Text Using Simple Structural Characteristics
ICPR '04 Proceedings of the Pattern Recognition, 17th International Conference on (ICPR'04) Volume 1 - Volume 01
Beyond Bags of Features: Spatial Pyramid Matching for Recognizing Natural Scene Categories
CVPR '06 Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Volume 2
A Visual Vocabulary for Flower Classification
CVPR '06 Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Volume 2
Identifying Handwritten Text in Mixed Documents
ICPR '06 Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Pattern Recognition - Volume 02
Adaptive degraded document image binarization
Pattern Recognition
Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Evaluating bag-of-visual-words representations in scene classification
Proceedings of the international workshop on Workshop on multimedia information retrieval
Speeded-Up Robust Features (SURF)
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Local invariant feature detectors: a survey
Foundations and Trends® in Computer Graphics and Vision
Introduction to Information Retrieval
Introduction to Information Retrieval
A stroke filter and its application to text localization
Pattern Recognition Letters
Automatic Discrimination between Printed and Handwritten Text in Documents
SIBGRAPI '09 Proceedings of the 2009 XXII Brazilian Symposium on Computer Graphics and Image Processing
A two-stage scheme for text detection in video images
Image and Vision Computing
The PAGE (Page Analysis and Ground-Truth Elements) Format Framework
ICPR '10 Proceedings of the 2010 20th International Conference on Pattern Recognition
Scenario Driven In-depth Performance Evaluation of Document Layout Analysis Methods
ICDAR '11 Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
Historical Document Layout Analysis Competition
ICDAR '11 Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
Aletheia - An Advanced Document Layout and Text Ground-Truthing System for Production Environments
ICDAR '11 Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
Keyframe retrieval by keypoints: can point-to-point matching help?
CIVR'06 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Image and Video Retrieval
Word Image Retrieval Using Bag of Visual Words
DAS '12 Proceedings of the 2012 10th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems
BRIEF: Computing a Local Binary Descriptor Very Fast
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A comprehensive method for multilingual video text detection, localization, and extraction
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
An overview of statistical learning theory
IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks
BRISK: Binary Robust invariant scalable keypoints
ICCV '11 Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Computer Vision
Bag of spatio-visual words for context inference in scene classification
Pattern Recognition
ICFHR '12 Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition
Bag-of-Features Representations for Offline Handwriting Recognition Applied to Arabic Script
ICFHR '12 Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition
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In a variety of documents, ranging from forms to archive documents and books with annotations, machine printed and handwritten text may coexist in the same document image, raising significant issues within the recognition pipeline. It is, therefore, necessary to separate the two types of text so that it becomes feasible to apply different recognition methodologies to each modality. In this paper, a new approach is proposed which strives towards identifying and separating handwritten from machine printed text using the Bag of Visual Words model (BoVW). Initially, blocks of interest are detected in the document image. For each block, a descriptor is calculated based on the BoVW. The final characterization of the blocks as Handwritten, Machine Printed or Noise is made by a decision scheme which relies upon the combination of binary SVM classifiers. The promising performance of the proposed approach is shown by using a consistent evaluation methodology which couples meaningful measures along with new datasets dedicated to the problem upon consideration.