Fronts propagating with curvature-dependent speed: algorithms based on Hamilton-Jacobi formulations
Journal of Computational Physics
Scale-Space and Edge Detection Using Anisotropic Diffusion
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
On active contour models and balloons
CVGIP: Image Understanding
Region-based strategies for active contour models
International Journal of Computer Vision
Shape Modeling with Front Propagation: A Level Set Approach
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Object Matching Using Deformable Templates
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Region Competition: Unifying Snakes, Region Growing, and Bayes/MDL for Multiband Image Segmentation
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
International Journal of Computer Vision
Generalized gradient vector flow external forces for active contours
Signal Processing - Special issue on deformable models and techniques for image and signal processing
Statistical Region Snake-Based Segmentation Adapted to Different Physical Noise Models
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Sectored Snakes: Evaluating Learned-Energy Segmentations
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Shape and topology constraints on parametric active contours
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
A Multiphase Level Set Framework for Image Segmentation Using the Mumford and Shah Model
International Journal of Computer Vision
Finite-Element Methods for Active Contour Models and Balloons for 2-D and 3-D Images
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Dual-t-snakes model for medical imaging segmentation
Pattern Recognition Letters - Special issue: Sibgrapi 2001
New Algorithms for Controlling Active Contours Shape and Topology
ECCV '00 Proceedings of the 6th European Conference on Computer Vision-Part II
Gradient Vector Flow: A New External Force for Snakes
CVPR '97 Proceedings of the 1997 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR '97)
Extraction and Tracking of the Tongue Surface from Ultrasound Image Sequences
CVPR '98 Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Using 2D Active Contour Models for 3D Reconstruction from Serial Sections
ICPR '96 Proceedings of the 1996 International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR '96) Volume I - Volume 7270
Deformable Contour Method: A Constrained Optimization Approach
International Journal of Computer Vision
International Journal of Computer Vision
Locating object contours in complex background using improved snakes
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
A versatile technique for visual enhancement of medical ultrasound images
Digital Signal Processing
Boundary delineation in transrectal ultrasound image for prostate cancer
Computers in Biology and Medicine
Review: A comparative study of deformable contour methods on medical image segmentation
Image and Vision Computing
Fourier-based geometric shape prior for snakes
Pattern Recognition Letters
WaterBalloons: A hybrid watershed Balloon Snake segmentation
Image and Vision Computing
A multi-direction GVF snake for the segmentation of skin cancer images
Pattern Recognition
Narrow band region-based active contours and surfaces for 2D and 3D segmentation
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Object density-based image segmentation and its applications in biomedical image analysis
Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
Fundamentals of Stop and Go active models
Image and Vision Computing
Continuous force field analysis for generalized gradient vector flow field
Pattern Recognition
A Model for Radar Images and Its Application to Adaptive Digital Filtering of Multiplicative Noise
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Digital Image Enhancement and Noise Filtering by Use of Local Statistics
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Automatic extraction of face contours in images and videos
Future Generation Computer Systems
Snakes, shapes, and gradient vector flow
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Area and length minimizing flows for shape segmentation
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Dynamic directional gradient vector flow for snakes
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Active Contour External Force Using Vector Field Convolution for Image Segmentation
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Morphological grayscale reconstruction in image analysis: applications and efficient algorithms
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Active contour model with gradient directional information: directional snake
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
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Segmentation of ultrasound (US) images of breast cancer is one of the most challenging problems of the modern medical image processing. A number of popular codes for US segmentation are based on a generalized gradient vector flow (GGVF) method proposed by Xu and Prince. The GGVF equations include a smoothing term (diffusion) applied to regions of small gradients of the edge map and a stopping term to fix and extend large gradients appearing at the boundary of the object. The paper proposes two new directions. The first component is diffusion as a polynomial function of the intensity of the edge map. The second component is the orientation score of the vector field. The new features are integrated into the GGVF equations in the smoothing and the stopping term. The algorithms, having been tested by a set of ground truth images, show that the proposed techniques lead to a better convergence and better segmentation accuracy with the reference to conventional GGVF snakes. The adaptive multi-feature snake does not require any hand-tuning. However, it is as efficient as the standard GGVF with the parameters selected by the ''brutal force approach''. Finally, proposed approach has been tested against recent modifications of GGVF, i.e. the Poisson gradient vector flow, the mixed noise vector flow and the convolution vector flow. The numerical tests employing 195 synthetic and 48 real ultrasound images show a tangible improvement in the accuracy of segmentation.