Maximum likelihood estimation for multivariate mixture observations of Markov chins
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Fundamentals of speech recognition
Fundamentals of speech recognition
Real-Time American Sign Language Recognition Using Desk and Wearable Computer Based Video
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
An HMM-Based Threshold Model Approach for Gesture Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
View-Invariant Representation and Recognition of Actions
International Journal of Computer Vision
Extraction of 2D Motion Trajectories and Its Application to Hand Gesture Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Temporal Pattern Generation Using Hidden Markov Model Based Unsupervised Classification
IDA '99 Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Advances in Intelligent Data Analysis
Unsupervised Analysis of Human Gestures
PCM '01 Proceedings of the Second IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia: Advances in Multimedia Information Processing
A Real-Time Continuous Gesture Recognition System for Sign Language
FG '98 Proceedings of the 3rd. International Conference on Face & Gesture Recognition
FG '00 Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition 2000
Hand Gesture Recognition Using Input-Output Hidden Markov Models
FG '00 Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition 2000
Hand Gesture Recognition System Using Multiple Cameras
ICPR '96 Proceedings of the 1996 International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR '96) Volume I - Volume 7270
Hidden Markov Model Length Optimization for Handwriting Recognition Systems
IWFHR '02 Proceedings of the Eighth International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR'02)
A SRN/HMM System for Signer-Independent Continuous Sign Language Recognition
FGR '02 Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition
A Model Selection Criterion for Classification: Application to HMM Topology Optimization
ICDAR '03 Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition - Volume 1
ICDAR '03 Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition - Volume 1
Clustering on the Unit Hypersphere using von Mises-Fisher Distributions
The Journal of Machine Learning Research
Hidden Conditional Random Fields for Gesture Recognition
CVPR '06 Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Volume 2
Detecting Coarticulation in Sign Language using Conditional Random Fields
ICPR '06 Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Pattern Recognition - Volume 02
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
ICA '09 Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Independent Component Analysis and Signal Separation
Sign Language Spotting with a Threshold Model Based on Conditional Random Fields
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Hand movement recognition for brazilian sign language: a study using distance-based neural networks
IJCNN'09 Proceedings of the 2009 international joint conference on Neural Networks
ICMLA '09 Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications
Sign Language Phoneme Transcription with Rule-based Hand Trajectory Segmentation
Journal of Signal Processing Systems
Hand gesture recognition with a novel IR time-of-flight range camera: a pilot study
MIRAGE'07 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Computer vision/computer graphics collaboration techniques
Hand gesture recognition based on dynamic Bayesian network framework
Pattern Recognition
A successive state splitting algorithm for efficient allophone modeling
ICASSP'92 Proceedings of the 1992 IEEE international conference on Acoustics, speech and signal processing - Volume 1
Optimizing the Number of States for HMM-Based On-line Handwritten Whiteboard Recognition
ICFHR '10 Proceedings of the 2010 12th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition
Hand gesture recognition using depth data
FGR' 04 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE international conference on Automatic face and gesture recognition
Wrapped Gaussian Mixture Models for Modeling and High-Rate Quantization of Phase Data of Speech
IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing
Mixtures of von Mises Distributions for People Trajectory Shape Analysis
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
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In this paper, we propose a simple but effective method of modeling hand gestures based on the angles and angular change rates of the hand trajectories. Each hand motion trajectory is composed of a unique series of straight and curved segments. In our Hidden Markov Model (HMM) implementation, these trajectories are modeled as a connected series of states analogous to the series of phonemes in speech recognition. The novelty of the work presented herein is that it provides an automated process of segmenting gesture trajectories based on a simple set of threshold values in the angular change measure. In order to represent the angular distribution of each separated state, the von Mises distribution is used. A likelihood based state segmentation was implemented in addition to the threshold based method to ensure that the gesture sets are segmented consistently. The proposed method can separate each angular state of the training data at the initialization step, thus providing a solution to mitigate the ambiguities on initializing the HMM. The effectiveness of the proposed method was demonstrated by the higher recognition rates in the experiments compared to the conventional methods.