Digital signatures for flows and multicasts
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Look-Up Table-Based Large Finite Field Multiplication in Memory Constrained Cryptosystems
IEEE Transactions on Computers - Special issue on computer arithmetic
A Digital Signature Based on a Conventional Encryption Function
CRYPTO '87 A Conference on the Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques on Advances in Cryptology
CRYPTO '97 Proceedings of the 17th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Efficient multicast stream authentication using erasure codes
ACM Transactions on Information and System Security (TISSEC)
Polynomial time algorithms for network information flow
Proceedings of the fifteenth annual ACM symposium on Parallel algorithms and architectures
Efficient Authentication and Signing of Multicast Streams over Lossy Channels
SP '00 Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy
A Tree-Based Forward Digest Protocol to Verify Data Integrity in Distributed Media Streaming
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
Secure code distribution in dynamically programmable wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Information processing in sensor networks
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Proceedings of the fourth ACM workshop on Security of ad hoc and sensor networks
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IPSN '08 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Information processing in sensor networks
The β-factor: measuring wireless link burstiness
Proceedings of the 6th ACM conference on Embedded network sensor systems
Link layer behavior of body area networks at 2.4 GHz
Proceedings of the 15th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Transmission power control in body area sensor networks for healthcare monitoring
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications - Special issue on body area networking: Technology and applications
Design of a body area network for medical applications: the WiserBAN project
Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies
Reducing transmission losses in body area networks using variable TDMA scheduling
WOWMOM '11 Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks
Editorial: Integration of Cloud computing and body sensor networks
Future Generation Computer Systems
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Growing pressure on healthcare costs is spurring development of lightweight bodyworn sensors for real-time and continuous physiological monitoring. Data from these sensors is streamed wirelessly to a handheld device such as a smartphone or tablet, and then archived in the cloud by personal health record services. Authenticating the data these devices generate is vital to ensure proper diagnosis, traceability, and validation of claims. Digital signatures at the packet-level are too resource-intensive for bodyworn devices, while block-level signatures are not robust to loss. In this paper we propose, analyse, and validate a practical, lightweight robust authentication scheme suitable for health-monitoring. We make three specific contributions: (a) we develop an authentication scheme that is both low-cost (using a Merkle hash tree to amortise digital signature costs), and loss-resilient (using network coding to recover strategic nodes within the tree). (b) We design a framework for optimizing placement of network coding within the tree to maximise data verifiability for a given overhead and loss environment. (c) We validate our scheme using experimental traces of typical operating conditions to show that it achieves high success (over 99% of the medical data can be authenticated) at very low overheads (as low as 5% extra transmissions) and at very low cost (the bodyworn device has to perform a digital signature operation no more than once per hour). We believe our novel authentication scheme can be a key step in the integration of wearable medical monitoring devices into current cloud-based healthcare systems.