Broader Bandwidth in Student Modeling: What if ITS were "Eye"TS?
ITS '00 Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems
Editorial: special issue on learning from imbalanced data sets
ACM SIGKDD Explorations Newsletter - Special issue on learning from imbalanced datasets
Learning to Decode Cognitive States from Brain Images
Machine Learning
Modulation of Induced Gamma Band Responses in a Perceptual Learning Task in the Human EEG
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Responding to Learners' Cognitive-Affective States with Supportive and Shakeup Dialogues
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part III: Ubiquitous and Intelligent Interaction
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Evaluating a Brain-Computer Interface to Categorise Human Emotional Response
ICALT '10 Proceedings of the 2010 10th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies
Subliminal cues while teaching: HCI technique for enhanced learning
Advances in Human-Computer Interaction - Special issue on subliminal communication in human-computer interaction
Assessment of learners' attention while overcoming errors and obstacles: an empirical study
AIED'11 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Artificial intelligence in education
Toward exploiting EEG input in a reading tutor
AIED'11 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Artificial intelligence in education
Physiological evaluation of attention getting strategies during serious game play
AIED'11 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Artificial intelligence in education
ITS'10 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems - Volume Part II
De-noising by soft-thresholding
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Implicit strategies for intelligent tutoring systems
ITS'12 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems
ITS'12 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems
Generating diagnostic multiple choice comprehension cloze questions
Proceedings of the Seventh Workshop on Building Educational Applications Using NLP
Toward unobtrusive measurement of reading comprehension using low-cost EEG
Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Learning Analytics And Knowledge
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A new type of sensor for students' mental states is a single-channel portable EEG headset simple enough to use in schools. To gauge its potential, we recorded its signal from children and adults reading text and isolated words, both aloud and silently. We used this data to train and test classifiers to detect a when reading is difficult, b when comprehension is lacking, and c lexical status and word difficulty. To avoid exploiting the confound of word and sentence difficulty with length, we truncated signals to a uniform duration. The EEG data discriminated reliably better than chance between reading easy and difficult sentences. We found weak but above-chance performance for using EEG to distinguish among easy words, difficult words, pseudo-words, and unpronounceable strings, or to predict correct versus incorrect responses to a comprehension question about the read text. We also identified which EEG components appear sensitive to which lexical features. We found a strong relationship in children between a word's age-of-acquisition and activity in the Gamma frequency band 30--100 Hz. This pilot study gives hope that a school-deployable EEG device can capture information that might be useful to an intelligent tutor.