Safety analysis of timing properties in real-time systems
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering - Special issue on reliability and safety in real-time process control
Statecharts: A visual formalism for complex systems
Science of Computer Programming
Communication and concurrency
Specification styles in distributed systems design and verification
TAPSOFT '89 2nd international joint conference on Theory and practice of software development
The temporal logic of reactive and concurrent systems
The temporal logic of reactive and concurrent systems
The Z notation: a reference manual
The Z notation: a reference manual
Practical methods for the formal validation of SDL specifications
Computer Communications - Special issue on practical use of FDTs in communications & distributed systems
The ESTEREL synchronous programming language: design, semantics, implementation
Science of Computer Programming
Experience with Formal Methods in Critical Systems
IEEE Software
Requirements Specification for Process-Control Systems
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Modechart: A Specification Language for Real-Time Systems
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Lessons from using basic LOTOS
ICSE '94 Proceedings of the 16th international conference on Software engineering
Formal Methods at AT&T - An Industrial Usage Report
FORTE '91 Proceedings of the IFIP TC6/WG6.1 Fourth International Conference on Formal Description Techniques for Distributed Systems and Communication Protocols: Formal Description Techniques, IV
Using Z as a Specification Calculus for Object-Oriented Systems
VDM '90 Proceedings of the Third International Symposium of VDM Europe on VDM and Z - Formal Methods in Software Development
Safety Property Verification of ESTEREL Programs and Applications to Telecommunications Software
Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification
Compiling Modechart specifications
RTSS '95 Proceedings of the 16th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium
A formal approach to reactive systems software: a telecommunications application in ESTEREL
WIFT '95 Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Industrial-Strength Formal Specification Techniques
An Operational Semantics and a Compiler for Modechart Specificiations
An Operational Semantics and a Compiler for Modechart Specificiations
Using formal methods to reason about architectural standards
ICSE '97 Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Software engineering
Specification-based testing of reactive software: tools and experiments: experience report
ICSE '97 Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Software engineering
An efficient implementation of reactivity for modeling hardware in the scenic design environment
DAC '97 Proceedings of the 34th annual Design Automation Conference
Formal methods for telecommunication system requirements: A survey of standardized languages
Annals of Software Engineering
Logic Control and “Reactive” Systems: Algorithmization and Programming
Automation and Remote Control
Using a Programming Language for Digital System Design
IEEE Design & Test
Guest Editorial: Introduction to the Special Section
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering - Special issue: best papers of the 17th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE-17)
Comparing high-level modeling approaches for embedded system design
Proceedings of the 2005 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference
Telecommunications Systems - Modeling, analysis, design and management
Research Directions in Requirements Engineering
FOSE '07 2007 Future of Software Engineering
Use Case Maps and Lotos for the prototyping and validation of a mobile group call system
Computer Communications
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Numerous formal specification methods for reactive systems have been proposed in the literature. Because the significant differences between the methods are hard to determine, choosing the best method for a particular application can be difficult. We have applied several different methods, including Modechart, VFSM, ESTEREL, Basic LOTOS, Z, SDL, and C, to an application problem encountered in the design of software for AT&T's 5ESS炉 telephone switching system. We have developed a set of criteria for evaluating and comparing the different specification methods. We argue that the evaluation of a method must take into account not only academic concerns, but also the maturity of the method, its compatibility with the existing software development process and system execution environment, and its suitability for the chosen application domain.