Design of a neural network character recognizer for a touch terminal
Pattern Recognition
Learning internal representations by error propagation
Parallel distributed processing: explorations in the microstructure of cognition, vol. 1
Recognition-Based Segmentation of On-Line Hand-Printed Words
Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 5, [NIPS Conference]
On-Line and Off-Line Handwriting Recognition: A Comprehensive Survey
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Writer Adaptation for Online Handwriting Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Lexical Post-Processing Optimization for Handwritten Word Recognition
ICDAR '03 Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition - Volume 1
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
An Integration of Online and Pseudo-Online Information for Cursive Word Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
The Recognition Graph - Language Independent Adaptable On-line Cursive Script Recognition
ICDAR '05 Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
Hybrid Recognition for One Stroke Style Cursive Handwriting Characters
ICDAR '05 Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
Writing Speed Normalization for On-Line Handwritten Text Recognition
ICDAR '05 Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
Gesture recognition using laser-based tracking system
FGR' 04 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE international conference on Automatic face and gesture recognition
Unconstrained Bangla online handwriting recognition based on MLP and SVM
Proceedings of the 2011 Joint Workshop on Multilingual OCR and Analytics for Noisy Unstructured Text Data
Warped K-Means: An algorithm to cluster sequentially-distributed data
Information Sciences: an International Journal
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This paper presents a writer independent system for large vocabulary recognition of on-line handwritten cursive words. The system first uses a filtering module, based on simple letter features, to quickly reduce a large reference dictionary (lexicon) to a more manageable size; the reduced lexicon is subsequently fed to a recognition module. The recognition module uses a temporal representation of the input, instead of a static two-dimensional image, thereby preserving the sequential nature of the data and enabling the use of a Time-Delay Neural Network (TDNN); such networks have been previously successful in the continuous speech recognition domain. Explicit segmentation of the input words into characters is avoided by sequentially presenting the input word representation to the neural network-based recognizer. The outputs of the recognition module are collected and converted into a string of characters that is matched against the reduced lexicon using an extended Damerau-Levenshtein function. Trained on 2,443 unconstrained word images (11k characters) from 55 writers and using a 21k lexicon we reached a 97.9% and 82.4% top-5 word recognition rate on a writer-dependent and writer-independent test, respectively.