The depth/breadth trade-off in the design of menu-driven user interfaces
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies
A formal interface design methodology based on user knowledge
CHI '86 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
SIGDOC '94 Proceedings of the 12th annual international conference on Systems documentation: technical communications at the great divide
Designing DEEPER: towards a user-centered development environment
Proceedings of the 1st conference on Designing interactive systems: processes, practices, methods, & techniques
Definition of menus as an abstract data type
CSC '89 Proceedings of the 17th conference on ACM Annual Computer Science Conference
Depth and breadth away from the desktop: the optimal information hierarchy for mobile use
Proceedings of the 8th conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services
A method for mapping and measuring users' mental models of the depth/breadth tradeoff
HCI '08 Proceedings of the Third IASTED International Conference on Human Computer Interaction
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The development of a large menu-based interface to an operating system posed a number of interesting user interface questions. Among those were how to determine the user's view of the relationships among the myriad of functions in the system, and how to reflect those relationships in a menu hierarchy. An experiment utilizing a sorting technique and hierarchical cluster analysis was quite effective in learning the user's perception of the relationships among the system functions. A second experiment comparing a “broad” menu hierarchy to a “deep” menu hierarchy showed that users made significantly fewer inappropriate menu selections with the broad hierarchy.