Achieving effective floor control with a low-bandwidth gesture-sensitive videoconferencing system
Proceedings of the tenth ACM international conference on Multimedia
A Peer-to-Peer Communication System
PCM '02 Proceedings of the Third IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia: Advances in Multimedia Information Processing
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The rapid development of wired and wireless networks tremendouslyfacilitates communications between people. However, most of thecurrent wireless networks still work in low bandwidths, and mobiledevices still suffer from weak computational power, short batterylifetime and limited display capability. We developed a very lowbit-rate bi-level video coding technique, which can be used invideo communications almost anywhere, anytime on any device. Thespirit of this method is that rather than giving highest priorityto the basic colors of an image as in conventional DCT-basedcompression methods, we give preference to the outline features ofscenes when we have limited bandwidths. These features can berepresented by bi-level image sequences that are converted fromgray-scale image sequences. By analyzing the temporal correlationbetween successive frames and flexibilities in the scenepresentation using bi-level images, we achieve very high ratioswith our bi-level video compression scheme. Experiments show thatin low bandwidths, our method provides clearer shape, smoothermotion, shorter initial latency and much cheaper computational costthan do DCT-based methods. Our method is especially suitable forsmall mobile devices such as handheld PCs, palm-size PCs and mobilephones that possess small display screens and light computationalpower, and work in low bandwidth wireless networks. We have builtPC and Pocket PC versions of bi-level video phone systems, whichtypically provide QCIF-size video with a frame rate of 5-15 fps fora 9.6 Kbps bandwidth.