Cost estimation for software development
Cost estimation for software development
Scale Economies in New Software Development
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Function Points in the Estimation and Evaluation of the Software Process
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Calibrating estimation tools for software development
Software Engineering Journal
Software sizing and estimating: Mk II FPA (Function Point Analysis)
Software sizing and estimating: Mk II FPA (Function Point Analysis)
Empirical studies of assumptions that underlie software cost-estimation models
Information and Software Technology
Software engineer's reference book
Software engineer's reference book
Foundations of software measurement
Foundations of software measurement
Effort estimation using analogy
Proceedings of the 18th international conference on Software engineering
Software metrics (2nd ed.): a rigorous and practical approach
Software metrics (2nd ed.): a rigorous and practical approach
Software project cost schedule estimating: best practices
Software project cost schedule estimating: best practices
CMM in practice: processes for executing software projects at Infosys
CMM in practice: processes for executing software projects at Infosys
Software Metrics: A Rigorous Approach
Software Metrics: A Rigorous Approach
Software Engineering Economics
Software Engineering Economics
Controlling Software Projects: Management, Measurement, and Estimates
Controlling Software Projects: Management, Measurement, and Estimates
Automating the estimation of project size from software design tools using modified function points
ACE '04 Proceedings of the Sixth Australasian Conference on Computing Education - Volume 30
Software estimation: a fuzzy approach
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes
Journal of Systems and Software
Aligning the economic modeling of software reuse with reuse practices
Information and Software Technology
The importance of the use of an estimation process
Proceedings of the 2010 ICSE Workshop on Software Development Governance
Information and Software Technology
A principled evaluation of ensembles of learning machines for software effort estimation
Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Predictive Models in Software Engineering
An experience factory to improve software development effort estimates
PROFES'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Product Focused Software Process Improvement
Software effort estimation as a multiobjective learning problem
ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (TOSEM) - Testing, debugging, and error handling, formal methods, lifecycle concerns, evolution and maintenance
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Software Cost Estimation (SCE) continues to be a weak link in software project management. It is the responsibility of the project manager to make accurate estimations of effort and cost. This is particularly true for projects subject to competitive bidding where a bid too high compared with competitors would result in loosing the contract or a bid too low could result in a loss to the organization. From an estimate, the management often decides whether to proceed with the project. Industry has a need for accurate estimates of effort and size at a very early stage in a project. However, when software cost estimates are done early in the software development process the estimate can be based on wrong or incomplete requirements. Software cost estimate process is the set of techniques and procedures that organizations use to arrive at an estimate.Why SCE is difficult and error prone?- Software cost estimation requires a significant amount of effort to perform it correctly.- SCE is often done hurriedly, without an appreciation for the effort required.- You need experience at developing estimates, especially for large projects.- Human bias i.e. an Estimator is likely to consider how long a certain portion of the system would take, and then to merely extrapolate this estimate to the rest of the system, ignoring the non-linear aspects of software development.- Costs and schedules are often pre-determined by an outside source.- An in-depth analysis of the software development process w as no t undertaken or in many cases, is not fully understood- There is a general lack of acceptance that developing software is an expensive endeavor.The causes of poor and inaccurate estimation are: (a) imprecise and drifting requirements. (b) New software projects are nearly always different form the last. (c) Software practitioners don't collect enough information about past projects. (d) Estimates are forced to match the resources available.The software estimation process discussed in this paper describes the steps required for establishing initial software Life Cycle Cost estimates and then tracking and refining those estimates throughout the life of the project. Establishment of this process early in the life cycle will result in greater accuracy and credibility of estimates and a clearer understanding of the factors that influence software development costs.