ANNA: a language for annotating Ada programs
ANNA: a language for annotating Ada programs
Specification-based test oracles for reactive systems
ICSE '92 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Software engineering
Test template framework: a specification-based testing case study
ISSTA '93 Proceedings of the 1993 ACM SIGSOFT international symposium on Software testing and analysis
Digital signal processing (2nd ed.): principles, algorithms, and applications
Digital signal processing (2nd ed.): principles, algorithms, and applications
Monitoring distributed real-time systems
Real-Time Systems
Oracles for checking temporal properties of concurrent systems
SIGSOFT '94 Proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGSOFT symposium on Foundations of software engineering
Runtime monitoring of timing constraints in distributed real-time systems
Real-Time Systems - Special issue on responsive computer systems
Observer-A Concept for Formal On-Line Validation of Distributed Systems
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
A Practical Approach to Programming With Assertions
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Functional documents for computer systems
Science of Computer Programming
Four dark corners of requirements engineering
ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (TOSEM)
Generating oracles from your favorite temporal logic specifications
SIGSOFT '96 Proceedings of the 4th ACM SIGSOFT symposium on Foundations of software engineering
Using Test Oracles Generated from Program Documentation
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Fundamentals of Distributed System Observation
IEEE Software
A Reference Model for Requirements and Specifications
IEEE Software
Specifying and Verifying Requirements of Real-Time Systems
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Compilation of Z Specifications into C for Automatic Test Result Evaluation
ZUM '95 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference of Z Usres on The Z Formal Specification Notation
Improving Software Tests Using Z Specifications
ZUM '95 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference of Z Usres on The Z Formal Specification Notation
SCR*: A Toolset for Specifying and Analyzing Software Requirements
CAV '98 Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification
Requirements monitoring in dynamic environments
RE '95 Proceedings of the Second IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering
Efficient Run-Time Monitoring of Timing Constraints
RTAS '97 Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS '97)
An Approach to Monitoring and Assertion-Checking of Real-Time Specifications
WPDRTS '96 Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Real-Time Systems
Supervision of real-time software systems using optimistic path prediction and rollbacks
ISSRE '96 Proceedings of the The Seventh International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering
Detection of Response Time Failures of Real-Time Software
ISSRE '97 Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering
Hierarchical Supervisors For Automatic Detection Of Software Failures
ISSRE '97 Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering
Deriving real-time monitors from system requirements documentation
Deriving real-time monitors from system requirements documentation
Structured programming: a minor part of software engineering
Information Processing Letters - Special issue: Contribution to computing science
Passive mid-stream monitoring of real-time properties
Proceedings of the 5th ACM international conference on Embedded software
An IDE for software development using tabular expressions
CASCON '07 Proceedings of the 2007 conference of the center for advanced studies on Collaborative research
Defining the meaning of tabular mathematical expressions
Science of Computer Programming
Assertion-based test oracles for home automation systems
Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Model-Based Methodologies for Pervasive and Embedded Software
Runtime verification of stochastic, faulty systems
RV'10 Proceedings of the First international conference on Runtime verification
Synthesizing a specification-based monitor for safety requirements
Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transaction B: Engineering
Trace acquirement from real-time systems based on WCET analysis
ICESS'05 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Embedded Software and Systems
The use of mathematics in software quality assurance
Frontiers of Computer Science in China
Analysing monitoring and switching problems for adaptive systems
Journal of Systems and Software
A preliminary study on requirements modeling methods for self-adaptive software systems
Proceedings of the 5th Asia-Pacific Symposium on Internetware
Hi-index | 0.00 |
Before designing safety- or mission-critical real-time systems, a specification of the required behavior of the system should be produced and reviewed by domain experts. After the system has been implemented, it should be thoroughly tested to ensure that it behaves correctly. This is best done using a monitor, a system that observes the behavior of a target system and reports if that behavior is consistent with the requirements. Such a monitor can be used both as an oracle during testing and as a supervisor during operation. Monitors should be based on the documented requirements of the system. If the target system is required to monitor or control real-valued quantities, then the requirements, which are expressed in terms of the monitored and controlled quantities, will allow a range of behaviors to account for errors and imprecision in observation and control of these quantities. Even if the controlled variables are discrete valued, the requirements must specify the timing tolerance. Because of the limitations of the devices used by the monitor to observe the environmental quantities, there is unavoidable potential for false reports, both negative and positive. This paper discusses design of monitors for real-time systems, and examines the conditions under which a monitor will produce false reports. We describe the conclusions that can be drawn when using a monitor to observe system behavior.