Efficient Collision Detection for Curved Solid Objects

  • Authors:
  • Elmar Schömer;Joachim Reichel;Thomas Warken

  • Affiliations:
  • MPI für Informatik, Saarbrücken, Germany;MPI für Informatik, Saarbrücken, Germany;MPI für Informatik, Saarbrücken, Germany

  • Venue:
  • Proceedings of the seventh ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications
  • Year:
  • 2002

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Abstract

The design-for-assembly technique requires realistic physicallybased simulation algorithms and in particular efficientgeometric collision detection routines. Instead of approximatingmechanical parts by large polygonal models, we work with the muchsmaller original CAD-data directly, thus avoiding precision andtolerance problems. We present a generic algorithm, which candecide whether two solids intersect or not. We identify classes ofobjects for which this algorithm can be efficientlyspecialized, and describe in detail how this specialization isdone. These classes are objects that are bounded by quadric surfacepatches and conic arcs, objects that are bounded by natural quadricpatches, torus patches, line segments and circular arcs, andobjects that are bounded by quadric surface patches, segments ofquadric intersection curves and segments of cubic spline curves. Weshow that all necessary geometric predicates can be evaluated byfinding the roots of univariate polynomials of degree at most4 for the first two classes, and at most 8 for the thirdclass. In order to speed up the intersection tests we use boundingvolume hierarchies. With the help of numerical optimizationtechniques we succeed in calculating smallest enclosing spheres andbounding boxes for a given set of surface patches fulfillingthe properties mentioned above.