Extending OSI to support synchronization required by multimedia applications
Computer Communications
Multimedia: computing, communications and applications
Multimedia: computing, communications and applications
An adaptive protocol for synchronizing media streams
Multimedia Systems
QoS-aware resource management for distributed multimedia applications
Journal of High Speed Networks - Special issue on multimedia networking
Video Acceptability and Frame Rate
IEEE MultiMedia
Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Network and Operating System Support for Digital Audio and Video
Frame-Induced Packet Discarding: An Efficient Strategy for Video Networking
NOSSDAV '93 Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Network and Operating System Support for Digital Audio and Video
CPU Service Classes for Multimedia Applications
CPU Service Classes for Multimedia Applications
A tuning system for distributed multimedia applications
A tuning system for distributed multimedia applications
A temporal reference framework for multimedia synchronization
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Continuity and synchronization in MPEG
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
A multi-threshold online smoothing technique for variable rate multimedia streams
Multimedia Tools and Applications
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With the expansion of distributed multimedia applications, such as video-phone, video-conference, and video-on-demand, synchronization among various media (time-dependent, time-independent) becomes an integral part of various protocols, mechanisms and services in the underlying computing and communication systems. The current systems allow and provide two different resource management environments where synchronization will be considered: (1) best effort resource management, and (2) reservation-based resource management with differentiation of service classes. Under these two resource management environments, our goal is to analyze and compare the design, implementation, and performance of synchronization protocols and services. Our approach to accomplish this complex analysis is inductive, because we select a representative protocol from each group, and consider an adaptive synchronization protocol on top of the best effort resource management and a reservation-based synchronization protocol on top of the reservation-based resource management. We believe that both protocols include a rich set of known synchronization algorithms and mechanisms, hence our resulting analysis and comparison show: (1) trade-offs/difference in design complexity of the synchronization protocols (space and time), (2) trade-offs/difference in implementation complexity of the synchronization protocols (space and time), and (3) magnitude of performance changes.