Reducing the number of solutions of NP functions

  • Authors:
  • Lane A. Hemaspaandra;Mitsunori Ogihara;Gerd Wechsung

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Computer Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York;Department of Computer Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York;Institut für Informatik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universitäit Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany

  • Venue:
  • Journal of Computer and System Sciences
  • Year:
  • 2002

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Abstract

We study whether one can prune solutions from NP functions. Though it is known that, unless surprising complexity class collapses occur, one cannot reduce the number of accepting paths of NP machines, we nonetheless show that it often is possible to reduce the number of solutions of NP functions. For finite cardinality types, we give a sufficient condition for such solution reduction. We also give absolute and conditional necessary conditions for solution reduction, and in particular we show that in many cases solution reduction is impossible unless the polynomial hierarchy collapses.