Computer architecture: a quantitative approach
Computer architecture: a quantitative approach
The coreworld: emergence and evolution of cooperative structures in a computational chemistry
CNLS '89 Proceedings of the ninth annual international conference of the Center for Nonlinear Studies on Self-organizing, Collective, and Cooperative Phenomena in Natural and Artificial Computing Networks on Emergent computation
Computer system architecture (3rd ed.)
Computer system architecture (3rd ed.)
Genetic programming (videotape): the movie
Genetic programming (videotape): the movie
Genetic programming II (videotape): the next generation
Genetic programming II (videotape): the next generation
An introduction to genetic algorithms
An introduction to genetic algorithms
Genetic programming: an introduction: on the automatic evolution of computer programs and its applications
Evolution of differentiated multi-threaded digital organisms
ALIFE Proceedings of the sixth international conference on Artificial life
Introduction to artificial life
Introduction to artificial life
Fifty years of research on self-replication: an overview
Artificial Life - Special issue on self-replication
Complexity
Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems: An Introductory Analysis with Applications to Biology, Control and Artificial Intelligence
Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning
Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning
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Experimental results with a three-dimensional environment for self-reproducing programs are presented. The environment consists of a cube of virtual CPUs each capable of running a single process. Each process has access to the memory of 7 CPUs, to its own as well as to the memory of 6 neighboring CPUs. Each CPU has a particular orientation which may be changed using special opcodes of the machine language. An additional opcode may be used to move the CPU. We have used a standard machine language with two operands. Constants are coded in a separate section of each command and a special mutation operator is used to ensure strong causality. This type of environment sets itself apart from other types of environments in the use of redundant mappings. Individuals have read as well as write access to neighboring CPUs and reproduce by copying their genetic material. They need to move through space in order to spawn new individuals and avoid overwriting their own offspring. After a short time all CPUs are filled by self-reproducing individuals and competition between individuals sets in which results in an increased rate of speciation.