Autocatalytic replication of polymers
Physica D
The coreworld: emergence and evolution of cooperative structures in a computational chemistry
CNLS '89 Proceedings of the ninth annual international conference of the Center for Nonlinear Studies on Self-organizing, Collective, and Cooperative Phenomena in Natural and Artificial Computing Networks on Emergent computation
The gamma model and its discipline of programming
Science of Computer Programming
Selected papers of the Second Workshop on Concurrency and compositionality
Random catalytic reaction networks
Physica D
Evolutionary computation: toward a new philosophy of machine intelligence
Evolutionary computation: toward a new philosophy of machine intelligence
An introduction to genetic algorithms
An introduction to genetic algorithms
How does complexity arise in evolution
Complexity
Self-evolution in a constructive binary string system
Artificial Life
Introduction to artificial life
Introduction to artificial life
Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning
Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning
Godel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid
Godel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid
Artificial Life
Extensions and variations on construction of autoreplicators in typogenetics
ECAL'05 Proceedings of the 8th European conference on Advances in Artificial Life
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A Typogenetics is a formal system designed to study origins of life from a "premordial soup" of DNA molecules, enzymes and other building materials. It was introduced by Hofstadter in his book Dialogues with Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid [17]. Autoreplicating molecules and systems of mutually replicating and catalyzing molecules (hypercycles) were modeled in the present paper in a very simplified way. Abstracted molecules in a form of strands are used in a model of a vessel, where "chemical reactions" occur. The approach is very similar to evolutionary algorithms. While a small hypercycle of two molecules mutually supporting their reproduction can be created without extreme difficulties, it is nearly impossible to create a hypercycle involving more than 4 autoreplicators at once. This paper demonstrates, that larger hypercycles can be created by an optimization and inclusion of new molecules into a smaller hypercycle. Such a sequential construction of hypercycles can substantially reduce the combinatorial complexity in comparison with a simultaneous optimization of single components of a large hypercycle.