Ruggedness and neutrality—the NKp family of fitness landscapes
ALIFE Proceedings of the sixth international conference on Artificial life
Evolvable hardware chips for industrial applications
Communications of the ACM
Analysis of unconventional evolved electronics
Communications of the ACM
Statistical dynamics of the Royal Road genetic algorithm
Theoretical Computer Science - Special issue on evolutionary computation
Learning to Move a Robot with Random Morphology
Proceedings of the First European Workshop on Evolutionary Robotics
A Gate-Level EHW Chip: Implementing GA Operations and Reconfigurable Hardware on a Single LSI
ICES '98 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Evolvable Systems: From Biology to Hardware
A New Research Tool for Intrinsic Hardware Evolution
ICES '98 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Evolvable Systems: From Biology to Hardware
Aspects of Digital Evolution: Geometry and Learning
ICES '98 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Evolvable Systems: From Biology to Hardware
Reliability Analysis in Self-Repairing Embryonic Systems
EH '99 Proceedings of the 1st NASA/DOD workshop on Evolvable Hardware
EH '99 Proceedings of the 1st NASA/DOD workshop on Evolvable Hardware
Reducing Hardware Evolution's Dependency on FPGAs
MICRONEURO '99 Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Microelectronics for Neural, Fuzzy and Bio-Inspired Systems
Explorations in design space: unconventional electronics designthrough artificial evolution
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
Autonomic fault-handling and refurbishment using throughput-driven assessment
Applied Soft Computing
The route to a defect tolerant LUT through artificial evolution
Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines
Consensus-Based evaluation for fault isolation and on-line evolutionary regeneration
ICES'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Evolvable Systems: from Biology to Hardware
Intrinsic evolution of controllable oscillators in FPTA-2
ICES'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Evolvable Systems: from Biology to Hardware
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Electronic circuits exhibit inherent qualities, which are due to the nature of the design process rather than any explicit behavioural specifications. Circuits designed by artificial evolution can exhibit very different inherent qualities to those designed by humans using conventional techniques. It is argued that some inherent qualities arising from the evolutionary approach can be beneficial if they are understood. As a case study, the paper seeks to determine the underlying mechanisms that produce one possible inherent quality, 'Populational Fault Tolerance', by using various strategies including the observation of constituent components used throughout evolutionary history. The strategies are applied to over 80 evolved circuits and provide strong evidence to support an hypothesis - that Population Fault Tolerance arises from the incremental nature of the evolutionary design process. The hypothesis is used to predict whether a given fault should manifest the quality, and is accurate in over 80% of cases.