Genetic programming II (videotape): the next generation
Genetic programming II (videotape): the next generation
How to build a Beowulf: a guide to the implementation and application of PC clusters
How to build a Beowulf: a guide to the implementation and application of PC clusters
Automatic synthesis, placement, and routing of electrical circuits by means of genetic programming
Advances in genetic programming
Genetic Programming III: Darwinian Invention & Problem Solving
Genetic Programming III: Darwinian Invention & Problem Solving
Computers and Intractability: A Guide to the Theory of NP-Completeness
Computers and Intractability: A Guide to the Theory of NP-Completeness
Evolution of a 60 Decibel Op Amp Using Genetic Programming
ICES '96 Proceedings of the First International Conference on Evolvable Systems: From Biology to Hardware
GECCO '96 Proceedings of the 1st annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
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The complete design of a circuit typically includes the tasks of creating the circuit's placement and routing as well as creating its topology and component sizing. Design engineers perform these four tasks sequentially. Each of these four tasks is, by itself, either vexatious or computationally intractable. This paper describes an automatic approach in which genetic programming starts with a high-level statement of the requirements for the desired circuit and simultaneously creates the circuit's topology, component sizing, placement, and routing as part of a single integrated design process. The approach is illustrated using the problem of designing a 60 decibel amplifier. The fitness measure considers the gain, bias, and distortion of the candidate circuit as well as the area occupied by the circuit after the automatic placement and routing.