Complete Problems for Dynamic Complexity Classes

  • Authors:
  • William Hesse;Neil Immerman

  • Affiliations:
  • -;-

  • Venue:
  • LICS '02 Proceedings of the 17th Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science
  • Year:
  • 2002

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Abstract

We present the first complete problems for dynamic complexity classes including the classes Dyn-FO and Dyn-ThC0, the dynamic classes corresponding to relational calculus and (polynomially bounded) SQL, respectively. The first problem we show complete for Dyn-FO is a single-step version of the circuit value problem (SSCV).Of independent interest, our construction also produces a first-order formula, 驴, that is in a sense universal for all first-order formulas. Since first-order formulas are stratified by quantifier depth, the first-order formula 驴 emulates formulas of greater depth by iterated application. As a corollary we obtain a fixed quantifier block, QBC, that is complete for all first-order quantifier blocks.