Instruction issue logic for high-performance, interruptable pipelined processors
ISCA '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Complexity-effective superscalar processors
Proceedings of the 24th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
The SimpleScalar tool set, version 2.0
ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News
Wattch: a framework for architectural-level power analysis and optimizations
Proceedings of the 27th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
TEM2P2EST: A Thermal Enabled Multi-model Power/Performance ESTimator
PACS '00 Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Power-Aware Computer Systems-Revised Papers
Power-Sensitive Multithreaded Architecture
ICCD '00 Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE International Conference on Computer Design: VLSI in Computers & Processors
TEM2P2EST: A Thermal Enabled Multi-model Power/Performance ESTimator
PACS '00 Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Power-Aware Computer Systems-Revised Papers
Toward an Evaluation Infrastructure for Power and Energy Optimizations
IPDPS '05 Proceedings of the 19th IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS'05) - Workshop 11 - Volume 12
Performance analysis of multi-threaded multi-core CPUs
Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Many-core Embedded Systems
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Reducing power, on both a per cycle basis and as the total energy used over the lifetime of an application, has become more important as small and embedded devices become increasingly available. A variety of techniques are available to reduce power, but it is difficult to quantify the benefits of these techniques early in the system design phase when processor architecture is being defined. Accurate tools that allow for exploration of the design space during this phase are crucial. This paper describes our experience with two such tools, the Cai-Lim power model and Wattch, which have been made available to the computer architecture community over the past year. We focus on how the models are constructed, the granularity of activity revealed by the models, the ability to understand why particular power results are obtained and the accuracy of the models. We raise concerns about detailed simulations where the power model, the simulator model and the desired architecture to be simulated differ and the validity of data obtained in such situations.