The grammar of dimensions in machine drawings
Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing
An Automatic Circuit Diagram Reader with Loop-Structure-Based Symbol Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence - Special Issue on Industrial Machine Vision and Computer Vision Technology:8MPart
Knowledge Structuring and Constraint Satisfaction: The Mapsee Approach
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Usable OCR: what are the minimum performance requirements?
CHI '90 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Knowledge-Directed Interpretation of Mechanical Engineering Drawings
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Document image analysis
A survey of visual language specification and recognition
Visual language theory
Computing with graphs and graph transformations
Software—Practice & Experience
Using Diagram Generation Software to Improve Diagram Recognition: A Case Study of Music Notation
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A handwriting-based equation editor
Proceedings of the 1999 conference on Graphics interface '99
Blackboard Architectures and Applications
Blackboard Architectures and Applications
Document Image Decoding Using Markov Source Models
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Automatic Interpretation of Chemical Structure Diagrams
Selected Papers from the First International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Methods and Applications
Graphic Symbol Recognition: An Overview
GREC '97 Selected Papers from the Second International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Algorithms and Systems
GREC '97 Selected Papers from the Second International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Algorithms and Systems
A Coarse Vectorization as an Initial Representation for the Understanding of Line Drawing Images
GREC '97 Selected Papers from the Second International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Algorithms and Systems
ICDAR '97 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
An interactive system to extract structured text from a geometrical representation
ICDAR '97 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
A Framework of Syntactic Models for the Implementation of Visual Languages
VL '97 Proceedings of the 1997 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages (VL '97)
Semi-automatic delineation of regions in floor plans
ICDAR '95 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (Volume 2) - Volume 2
A simplified attributed graph grammar for high-level music recognition
ICDAR '95 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (Volume 2) - Volume 2
The role of taxonomy in drawing interpretation
ICDAR '95 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (Volume 2) - Volume 2
Structure analysis and recognition of mathematical expressions
ICDAR '95 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (Volume 1) - Volume 1
Mathematics recognition using graph rewriting
ICDAR '95 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (Volume 1) - Volume 1
Model-based chart image classification
ISVC'11 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Advances in visual computing - Volume Part II
Patent image retrieval: a survey
Proceedings of the 4th workshop on Patent information retrieval
Public data integration with WebSmatch
Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Open Data
A novel figure panel classification and extraction method for document image understanding
International Journal of Data Mining and Bioinformatics
Twelve years of diagrams research
Journal of Visual Languages and Computing
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Document image analysis is the study of converting documents from paper form to an electronic form that captures the information content of the document. Necessary processing includes recognition of document layout (to determine reading order, and to distinguish text from diagrams), recognition of text (called Optical Character Recognition, OCR), and processing of diagrams and photographs. The processing of diagrams has been an active research area for several decades. A selection of existing diagram recognition techniques are presented in this paper. Challenging problems in diagram recognition include (1) the great diversity of diagram types, (2) the difficulty of adequately describing the syntax and semantics of diagram notations, and (3) the need to handle imaging noise. Recognition techniques that are discussed include blackboard systems, stochastic grammars, Hidden Markov Models, and graph grammars.