One Bit of Advice

  • Authors:
  • Harry Buhrman;Richard Chang;Lance Fortnow

  • Affiliations:
  • -;-;-

  • Venue:
  • STACS '03 Proceedings of the 20th Annual Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science
  • Year:
  • 2003

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Abstract

The results in this paper show that coNP is contained in NP with 1 bit of advice (denoted NP/1) if and only if the Polynomial Hierarchy (PH) collapses to DP, the second level of the Boolean Hierarchy (BH). Previous work showed that BH 驴 DP 驴 coNP 驴 NP/poly. The stronger assumption that PH 驴 DP in the new result allows the length of the advice function to be reduced to a single bit and also makes the converse true. The one-bit case can be generalized to any constant k: PH 驴 BH2k 驴 coNP 驴 NP/k where BH2k denotes the 2k-th level of BH and NP/k denotes the class NP with k-bit advice functions.