Scheduling Periodic Jobs that Allow Imprecise Results
IEEE Transactions on Computers
The design and performance of a real-time CORBA event service
Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications
Measuring and Optimizing CORBA Latency and Scalability Over High-Speed Networks
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Advanced CORBA programming with C++
Advanced CORBA programming with C++
Scheduling Algorithms for Multiprogramming in a Hard-Real-Time Environment
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
The design and performance of a scable ORB architecture for COBRA asynchronous messaging
IFIP/ACM International Conference on Distributed systems platforms
IFIP/ACM International Conference on Distributed systems platforms
The Design and Performance of a Real-Time CORBA SchedulingService
Real-Time Systems - Special issue on challenges in design and implementation of middlewares for real time systems
The Real-Time Specification for Java
The Real-Time Specification for Java
Real-Time Systems - Special issue on real-time computing in the age of the Web and the Internet
Supporting high-performance I/O in QoS-enabled ORB middleware
Cluster Computing
Design and Evaluation of a Feedback Control EDF Scheduling Algorithm
RTSS '99 Proceedings of the 20th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium
Implementing a General Real-Time Scheduling Framework in the RED-Linux Real-Time Kernel
RTSS '99 Proceedings of the 20th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium
Application of the QuO Quality-of-Service Framework to a Distributed Video Application
DOA '01 Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Distributed Objects and Applications
Dynamic Migration Algorithms for Distributed Object Systems
ICDCS '01 Proceedings of the The 21st International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems
ICDCS '01 Proceedings of the The 21st International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems
Feedback Control Scheduling in Distributed Real-Time Systems
RTSS '01 Proceedings of the 22nd IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium
Middleware Scheduling Optimization Techniques for Distributed Real-Time and Embedded Systems
WORDS '02 Proceedings of the The Seventh IEEE International Workshop on Object-Oriented Real-Time Dependable Systems (WORDS 2002)
Feedback control real-time scheduling
Feedback control real-time scheduling
The case for using middleware to manage diverse soft real-time schedulers
M3W Proceedings of the 2001 international workshop on Multimedia middleware
Performance specifications and metrics for adaptive real-time systems
RTSS'10 Proceedings of the 21st IEEE conference on Real-time systems symposium
Dynamic scheduling of distributed method invocations
RTSS'10 Proceedings of the 21st IEEE conference on Real-time systems symposium
The design of the TAO real-time object request broker
Computer Communications
Evaluating meta-programming mechanisms for ORB middleware
IEEE Communications Magazine
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The proportion of complex distributed real-time embedded (DRE) systems made up of commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware and software is increasing significantly in response to the difficulty and expense of building DRE systems entirely from scratch. In previous work, we showed how applying different scheduling strategies in middleware can allow COTS-based solutions to provide both assurance and optimization of real-time constraints for important classes of mission-critical DRE systems. There are few empirical studies, however, that help developers of COTS-based DRE systems to make crucial distinctions between strategies that appear similar in policy, but whose run-time effects may differ in practice.This paper provides two contributions to the study of real-time quality of service (QoS) assurance and performance in COTS-based DRE systems. First, we examine in detail two hybrid static/dynamic scheduling strategies that should behave similarly according to policy alone, but that in fact produce different results under the same conditions, both in utilization and in meeting real-time assurances. Second, we offer recommendations based on these results for developers of mission-critical DRE systems, such as the Boeing Bold Stroke platform used in the Adaptive Software Flight Demonstration (ASFD) program under which our experiments were conducted. These contributions address and highlight the importance of the following issues to real-time scheduling in COTS environments: (1) careful mapping of scheduling policies into implementation mechanisms and (2) benchmarking and analysis of actual systems in representative operational environments.