Genetic programming (videotape): the movie
Genetic programming (videotape): the movie
Studies in artificial evolution
Studies in artificial evolution
The evolution of size and shape
Advances in genetic programming
Rooted-tree schemata in genetic programming
Advances in genetic programming
Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning
Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning
Genetic Code Degeneracy: Implications for Grammatical
ECAL '99 Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Advances in Artificial Life
Evolving Multi-line Compilable C Programs
Proceedings of the Second European Workshop on Genetic Programming
Crossover in Grammatical Evolution: A Smooth Operator?
Proceedings of the European Conference on Genetic Programming
Grammatical Evolution: Evolving Programs for an Arbitrary Language
EuroGP '98 Proceedings of the First European Workshop on Genetic Programming
Ripple Crossover in Genetic Programming
EuroGP '01 Proceedings of the 4th European Conference on Genetic Programming
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
Crossover in Grammatical Evolution
Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines
Constructing an optimisation phase using grammatical evolution
CEC'09 Proceedings of the Eleventh conference on Congress on Evolutionary Computation
Structural difficulty in grammatical evolution versus genetic programming
Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Grammatical evolution of shape and its application to structural shape optimisation
Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization
Vector-valued function estimation by grammatical evolution for autonomous robot control
Information Sciences: an International Journal
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Grammatical Evolution is an evolutionary automatic programming algorithm that can produce code in any language, requiring as inputs a BNF grammar definition describing the output language, and the fitness function. The utility of crossover in GP systems has been hotly debated for some time, and this debate has also arisen with respect to Grammatical Evolution. This paper serves to continue an analysis of the crossover operator in Grammatical Evolution by looking at the result of turning off crossover, and by exchanging randomly generated blocks in a headless chicken-like crossover. Results show that crossover in Grammatical Evolution is essential on the problem domains examined. The mechanism of one-point crossover in Grammatical Evolution is discussed, resulting in the discovery of some interesting properties that could yield an insight into the operator's success.