Numerical recipes in C (2nd ed.): the art of scientific computing
Numerical recipes in C (2nd ed.): the art of scientific computing
Model Validation for Model Selection
ICAPR '01 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Advances in Pattern Recognition
WACV '96 Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV '96)
Audio-visual speech modeling for continuous speech recognition
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Robust Statistical Estimation Applied to Automatic Lip Segmentation
IbPRIA '09 Proceedings of the 4th Iberian Conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis
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We propose a novel segmentation method for real time lip tracker initialisation which is based on a Gaussian mixture model of the pixel data. The model is built using the Predictive Validation technique advocated in [4]. In order to construct an accurate model in real time, we adopt a quasi-random image sampling technique based on Sobol sequences. We test the proposed method on a database of 145 images and demonstrate that its accuracy, even with a few number of samples, is satisfactory and significantly better than the segmentation obtained by k-means clustering. Moreover, the proposed method does not require the number of segments to be specified a priori.