A Computational Approach to Edge Detection
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Trace Inference, Curvature Consistency, and Curve Detection
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Population coding of stimulus orientation by striate cortical cells
Biological Cybernetics
Iterative curve organisation with the EM algorithm
Pattern Recognition Letters
Probabilistic interpretation of population codes
Neural Computation
Seeing white: qualia in the context of decoding population codes
Neural Computation
Distortion Invariant Object Recognition in the Dynamic Link Architecture
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Shading Flows and Scenel Bundles: A New Approach to Shape from Shading
ECCV '92 Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Computer Vision
Vision: A Computational Investigation into the Human Representation and Processing of Visual Information
Parameter extraction from population codes: A critical assessment
Neural Computation
Disparity Using Feature Points in Multi Scale
Proceedings of the Joint IAPR International Workshop on Structural, Syntactic, and Statistical Pattern Recognition
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This paper addresses the problem of local orientation selection or tangent field estimation using population coding. We use Gabor filters to model the response of orientation sensitive units in a cortical hypercolumn. Adopting the biological concept of population vector decoding [4], we extract a continuous orientation estimate from the discrete set of responses in the Gabor filter bank which is achieved by performing vectorial combination of the broadly orientation-tuned filter outputs. This yields a population vector the direction of which gives a precise and robust estimate of the local contour orientation. We investigate the accuracy and noise robustness of orientation measurement and contour detection and show how the certainty of the estimated orientation is related to the shape of the response profile of the filter bank. Comparison with some alternative methods of orientation estimation reveals that the tangent fields resulting from our population coding technique provide a more perceptually meaningful representation of contour direction and shading flow.