Introduction to algorithms
Proceedings of the fifth international World Wide Web conference on Computer networks and ISDN systems
Maintaining Strong Cache Consistency in the World Wide Web
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Managing TCP connection under persistent HTTP
WWW '99 Proceedings of the eighth international conference on World Wide Web
DNS performance and the effectiveness of caching
IMW '01 Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Internet Measurement
Refreshment policies for web content caches
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
DNS and BIND
Proactive Caching of DNS Records: Addressing a Performance Bottleneck
SAINT '01 Proceedings of the 2001 Symposium on Applications and the Internet (SAINT 2001)
Scalable web caching of frequently updated objects using reliable multicast
USITS'99 Proceedings of the 2nd conference on USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems - Volume 2
An empirical evaluation of virtual circuit holding time policies in IP-over-ATM networks
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Wide-area Internet traffic patterns and characteristics
IEEE Network: The Magazine of Global Internetworking
ASAP: a low-latency transport layer
Proceedings of the Seventh COnference on emerging Networking EXperiments and Technologies
A comparison of the cost and energy efficiency of prefetching and streaming of mobile video
Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Mobile Video
Resolvers Revealed: Characterizing DNS Resolvers and their Clients
ACM Transactions on Internet Technology (TOIT)
Measuring the practical impact of DNSSEC deployment
SEC'13 Proceedings of the 22nd USENIX conference on Security
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The resolution of a host name to an IP-address is a necessary predecessor to connection establishment and HTTP exchanges. Nonetheless, domain name system (DNS) resolutions often involve multiple remote name-servers and prolong Web response times. To alleviate this problem name-servers and Web browsers cache query results. Name-servers currently incorporate passive cache management where records are brought into the cache only as a result of clients' requests and are used for the time to live (TTL) duration (a TTL value is provided with each record). We propose and evaluate different enhancements to passive caching that reduce the fraction of HTTP connection establishments that are delayed by slow DNS resolutions: (A) Renewal policies refresh selected expired cached entries by issuing unsolicited queries. Trace-based simulations using Web proxy logs demonstrated that a significant fraction of cache misses can be eliminated with a moderate increase in the number of DNS queries. (B) Simultaneous-validation transparently uses expired records. A DNS query is issued if the respective cached entry is no longer fresh, but concurrently, the expired entry is used to connect to the Web server and fetch the requested content. The content is served only if the expired records used turn out to be in agreement with the query response.