Calibration with many checking rules

  • Authors:
  • Alvaro Sandroni;Rann Smorodinsky;Rakesh V. Vohra

  • Affiliations:
  • Kellogg School of Management, MEDS Department, Northwestern University, 2001 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois;Davidson Faculty of Industrial Engineering and Management, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel;Department of Managerial Economics and Decision Sciences, Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL

  • Venue:
  • Mathematics of Operations Research
  • Year:
  • 2003

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Abstract

Each period an outcome (out of finitely many possibilities) is observed. For simplicity assume two possible outcomes, a and b. Each period, a forecaster announces the probability of a occurring next period based on the past.Consider an arbitrary subsequence of periods (e.g., odd periods, even periods, all periods in which b is observed, etc.). Given an integer n, divide any such subsequence into associated sub-subsequences in which the forecast for a is between [i/n, i+ 1/n), i ∈ {0, 1,...,n}.We compare the forecasts and the outcomes (realized next period) separately in each of these subsubsequences. Given any countable partition of [0, 1] and any countable collection of subsequences, we construct a forecasting scheme such that for all infinite strings of data, the long-run average forecast for a matches the long-run frequency of realized a's.