SUI: a system independent user interface for an integrated scientific computing environment
ISSAC '90 Proceedings of the international symposium on Symbolic and algebraic computation
Teaching experienced developers to design graphical user interfaces
CHI '92 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
User performance in relation to 3D input device design
ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics
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The use of user-friendly interface design is reviewed, focusing on the four ingredients-mice, windows, icons, and menus-that are designed to be easy to grasp, simple to use, and straightforward to describe. (The mouse is a pointer. Windows divide up the screen. Icons symbolize application programs and data. Menus list choices of action.) Highlighted are sketchpad (1962), the first computer with a windowing interface; the development of the mouse; the bit-block transfer procedure, known as BitBlt, which made it easier to write programs to scroll a window, resize it, and drag a window (move it from one location to another on-screen); the evolution of menus; and the use of icons by the developers of Star. Lawsuits engendered by the widespread use of such interfaces are discussed