A technique for software module specification with examples
Communications of the ACM
A program structure for error detection and recovery
Operating Systems, Proceedings of an International Symposium
The semantics of a mathematically oriented computer language
ACM '69 Proceedings of the 1969 24th national conference
In defense of program testing or correctness proofs considered harmful
ACM SIGPLAN Notices
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This paper discusses the subject of systematic program testing from a software engineering point of view. A number of different software error types are defined to facilitate the analysis of the error detection capability of a software module. It is found that many practical programs are, at best, conditionally Correct. Consequently it is not possible to establish the correctness of such a program even by an exhaustive test of the control structure. Keeping those insights in mind, some applicable techniques for the construction, error treatment and test of practical software systems are presented.