Fairness
A simple approach to specifying concurrent systems
Communications of the ACM
Value exchange systems enabling security and unobservability
Computers and Security
Distributed computing: models and methods
Handbook of theoretical computer science (vol. B)
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS)
Introduction to distributed algorithms
Introduction to distributed algorithms
Atomicity in electronic commerce
PODC '96 Proceedings of the fifteenth annual ACM symposium on Principles of distributed computing
Optimistic protocols for fair exchange
Proceedings of the 4th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
Fairness in electronic commerce
Fairness in electronic commerce
Guarded commands, nondeterminacy and formal derivation of programs
Communications of the ACM
Distributed Algorithms
DISC '98 Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Distributed Computing
Towards Multiple-Payment Schemes for Digital Money
FC '97 Proceedings of the First International Conference on Financial Cryptography
Formal Analysis of a Non-Repudiation Protocol
CSFW '98 Proceedings of the 11th IEEE workshop on Computer Security Foundations
Enforceable Security Policies
Proving the Correctness of Multiprocess Programs
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Equilibrium analysis of the possibilities of unenforced exchange in multiagent systems
IJCAI'95 Proceedings of the 14th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
Ripping coins for a fair exchange
EUROCRYPT'95 Proceedings of the 14th annual international conference on Theory and application of cryptographic techniques
Some guidelines for non-repudiation protocols
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Fair Exchange under Limited Trust
TES '02 Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Technologies for E-Services
A formal model of rational exchange and its application to the analysis of Syverson's protocol
Journal of Computer Security - Special issue on CSFW15
On fairness in exchange protocols
ICISC'02 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Information security and cryptology
A Practical Approach of Fairness in E-Procurement
International Journal of Information Security and Privacy
| Hi-index | 0.00 |
The notion of fairness is a very general concept and can be used to coin terms in many different application areas. Recently, the term fairness has appeared in the context of electronic commerce. Here, the term fair exchange refers to the problem that two parties want to swap some distinct items in a way which ensures that no participant can gain advantage over the other. Many protocols for fair exchange have been proposed but comparing or formally verifying them has remained rather difficult. The reason for this is that the notion of fairness they use is often different, and exact (i.e. ~ formal) fairness definitions do not exist. In this paper, we make a first attempt to approach a formal definition of fairness in electronic commerce. We do this by reviewing the established terminology regarding the notion of fairness in concurrency theory and adapting the formal apparatus to derive three precisely separable definitions of fairness in electronic commerce which we call strong, eventually strong and weak fairness.