A survey of skin-color modeling and detection methods
Pattern Recognition
Automatic Facial Skin Segmentation Based on EM Algorithm under Varying Illumination
IEICE - Transactions on Information and Systems
Real-Time facial expression recognition system based on HMM and feature point localization
ACII'05 Proceedings of the First international conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction
Fast adaptive skin detection in JPEG images
PCM'05 Proceedings of the 6th Pacific-Rim conference on Advances in Multimedia Information Processing - Volume Part II
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A skin-color extraction algorithm is proposed to detecthuman faces in color images with varying illumination conditionand presence of complex background. The approachis based on both a Gaussian mixture model of human skincolordistribution and image segmentation using an automaticand adaptive multi-thresholding technique. Detectedregions are then refined by morphological operations.Experimental results on images presenting a widerange of variations in lighting condition, face orientation,scale, pose, facial expression and background, demonstratethe efficiency of our skin-segmentation algorithm. Usingadditional information about facial features, our methodbecomes an efficient step in localizing candidate faces fora face detection system.