Computation at the edge of chaos: phase transitions and emergent computation
CNLS '89 Proceedings of the ninth annual international conference of the Center for Nonlinear Studies on Self-organizing, Collective, and Cooperative Phenomena in Natural and Artificial Computing Networks on Emergent computation
Adaptation in natural and artificial systems
Adaptation in natural and artificial systems
An introduction to genetic algorithms
An introduction to genetic algorithms
Self-reproduction in a reversible cellular space
Theoretical Computer Science - Special issue on universal machines and computations
The art of computer programming, volume 1 (3rd ed.): fundamental algorithms
The art of computer programming, volume 1 (3rd ed.): fundamental algorithms
Introduction of structural dissolution into Langton's self-reproducing loop
ALIFE Proceedings of the sixth international conference on Artificial life
Fifty years of research on self-replication: an overview
Artificial Life - Special issue on self-replication
Open problems in artificial life
Artificial Life - Special issue on the Artificial Life VII: looking backward, looking forward
Cellular Automata
Theory of Self-Reproducing Automata
Theory of Self-Reproducing Automata
Complexity
Emergent Patterning Phenomena in 2D Cellular Automata
Artificial Life
A Neuro-Genetic Framework for Pattern Recognition in Complex Systems
Fundamenta Informaticae - Membrane Computing
A Neuro-Genetic Framework for Pattern Recognition in Complex Systems
Fundamenta Informaticae - Membrane Computing
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This paper introduces a method through which, using genetic algorithms on two dimensional cellular automata, we obtain emergent phenomena of self-replication. Three indices of complexity, based on input entropy have been developed and used as fitness functions in the evolutionary experiments. The genetic algorithm, realized by a special design of the genome, is efficient and the research in the CA rules space has given appreciable results, both for the quantity and for the quality of the emergent phenomena. We found that each of these indices is strictly connected to the complexity of the rules and to the self-reproducers behavior contained in them. We noticed that self-reproduction is a widespread process also in artificial life simulations. Almost all the evolved rules manifest self-reproducers, as if this process were an embedded characteristic of artificial/living matter. The self-reproducers, different in shape, function and behavior, reveal an algorithmic logic in self-replication, which follows different but synchronized rhythms, evidencing variation, increasing structural complexity and some of them general constructive capacity.