Fast subsequence matching in time-series databases
SIGMOD '94 Proceedings of the 1994 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
On the analysis of indexing schemes
PODS '97 Proceedings of the sixteenth ACM SIGACT-SIGMOD-SIGART symposium on Principles of database systems
Adaptive query processing for time-series data
KDD '99 Proceedings of the fifth ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
Hancock: a language for extracting signatures from data streams
Proceedings of the sixth ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
Finding motifs using random projections
RECOMB '01 Proceedings of the fifth annual international conference on Computational biology
Locally adaptive dimensionality reduction for indexing large time series databases
SIGMOD '01 Proceedings of the 2001 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Models and issues in data stream systems
Proceedings of the twenty-first ACM SIGMOD-SIGACT-SIGART symposium on Principles of database systems
Monotony of surprise and large-scale quest for unusual words
Proceedings of the sixth annual international conference on Computational biology
Finding recurrent sources in sequences
RECOMB '03 Proceedings of the seventh annual international conference on Research in computational molecular biology
Distance Measures for Effective Clustering of ARIMA Time-Series
ICDM '01 Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining
Using Signature Files for Querying Time-Series Data
PKDD '97 Proceedings of the First European Symposium on Principles of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
Fast Time Sequence Indexing for Arbitrary Lp Norms
VLDB '00 Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases
VLDB '95 Proceedings of the 21th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases
Estimating Rarity and Similarity over Data Stream Windows
ESA '02 Proceedings of the 10th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms
On the need for time series data mining benchmarks: a survey and empirical demonstration
Proceedings of the eighth ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
Finding surprising patterns in a time series database in linear time and space
Proceedings of the eighth ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
FOCS '00 Proceedings of the 41st Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
SSDBM '00 Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management
Adaptive dimension reduction for clustering high dimensional data
ICDM '02 Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining
Efficient Time Series Matching by Wavelets
ICDE '99 Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Data Engineering
Discovering Similar Multidimensional Trajectories
ICDE '02 Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Data Engineering
Global detectors of unusual words: design, implementation, and applications to pattern discovery in biosequences
Clustering time series from ARMA models with clipped data
Proceedings of the tenth ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
Towards parameter-free data mining
Proceedings of the tenth ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
Visually mining and monitoring massive time series
Proceedings of the tenth ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
Distance-function design and fusion for sequence data
Proceedings of the thirteenth ACM international conference on Information and knowledge management
Evolutionary Rule Mining in Time Series Databases
Machine Learning
Clustering Time Series with Clipped Data
Machine Learning
A Multiresolution Symbolic Representation of Time Series
ICDE '05 Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Data Engineering
Efficient trajectory joins using symbolic representations
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Mobile data management
Optimizing time series discretization for knowledge discovery
Proceedings of the eleventh ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery in data mining
ACM SIGMOD Record
Time relaxed spatiotemporal trajectory joins
Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM international workshop on Geographic information systems
Visualizing and discovering non-trivial patterns in large time series databases
Information Visualization
HOT SAX: Efficiently Finding the Most Unusual Time Series Subsequence
ICDM '05 Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining
Pattern Discovery of Fuzzy Time Series for Financial Prediction
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
A Bit Level Representation for Time Series Data Mining with Shape Based Similarity
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
Temporal abstraction in intelligent clinical data analysis: A survey
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Compression-based data mining of sequential data
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
Extracting interpretable muscle activation patterns with time series knowledge mining
International Journal of Knowledge-based and Intelligent Engineering Systems
Marking time in sequence mining
AusDM '06 Proceedings of the fifth Australasian conference on Data mining and analystics - Volume 61
General Hierarchical Model (GHM) to measure similarity of time series
ACM SIGMOD Record
Experiencing SAX: a novel symbolic representation of time series
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
Unsupervised pattern mining from symbolic temporal data
ACM SIGKDD Explorations Newsletter - Special issue on data mining for health informatics
VizTree: a tool for visually mining and monitoring massive time series databases
VLDB '04 Proceedings of the Thirtieth international conference on Very large data bases - Volume 30
Visual Methods for Analyzing Time-Oriented Data
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
An improved feature extraction technique for high volume time series data
SPPR'07 Proceedings of the Fourth conference on IASTED International Conference: Signal Processing, Pattern Recognition, and Applications
Efficient Similarity Search over Future Stream Time Series
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
TS2-tree - an efficient similarity based organization for trajectory data
Proceedings of the 15th annual ACM international symposium on Advances in geographic information systems
Perception-based approach to time series data mining
Applied Soft Computing
The TS-tree: efficient time series search and retrieval
EDBT '08 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Extending database technology: Advances in database technology
An empirical study of similarity search in stock data
AIDM '07 Proceedings of the 2nd international workshop on Integrating artificial intelligence and data mining - Volume 84
Clustering multidimensional sequences in spatial and temporal databases
Knowledge and Information Systems
Clustering Streaming Time Series Using CBC
ICCS '07 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Computational Science, Part III: ICCS 2007
A Problem Oriented Approach to Data Mining in Distributed Spatio-temporal Database
ICCS '07 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Computational Science, Part III: ICCS 2007
Feature Extraction from Sensor Data Streams for Real-Time Human Behaviour Recognition
PKDD 2007 Proceedings of the 11th European conference on Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases
Modelling Medical Time Series Using Grammar-Guided Genetic Programming
ICDM '08 Proceedings of the 8th industrial conference on Advances in Data Mining: Medical Applications, E-Commerce, Marketing, and Theoretical Aspects
The Quest for Multi-headed Worms
DIMVA '08 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Detection of Intrusions and Malware, and Vulnerability Assessment
Extending the Edit Distance Using Frequencies of Common Characters
DEXA '08 Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications
Anomaly detection in complex system based on epsilon machine
International Journal of Systems Science
Efficiently finding unusual shapes in large image databases
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
Efficient algorithms for segmentation of item-set time series
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
Stock time series visualization based on data point importance
Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
The multi-resolution extended edit distance
Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Scalable information systems
Gestures are strings: efficient online gesture spotting and classification using string matching
Proceedings of the ICST 2nd international conference on Body area networks
Time series classification based on qualitative space fragmentation
Advanced Engineering Informatics
Qualitative Correspondence for Object Tracking Using Dynamic Panorama
KES '07 Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems and the XVII Italian Workshop on Neural Networks on Proceedings of the 11th International Conference
An Improvement of PAA for Dimensionality Reduction in Large Time Series Databases
PRICAI '08 Proceedings of the 10th Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence: Trends in Artificial Intelligence
Finding anomalous periodic time series
Machine Learning
Establishing relationships among patterns in stock market data
Data & Knowledge Engineering
An efficient time series data mining technique
ICCOMP'08 Proceedings of the 12th WSEAS international conference on Computers
A new approach to qualitative learning in time series
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
A Novel Fractal Representation for Dimensionality Reduction of Large Time Series Data
PAKDD '09 Proceedings of the 13th Pacific-Asia Conference on Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining
PGG: an online pattern based approach for stream variation management
Journal of Computer Science and Technology
Efficient discovery of unusual patterns in time series
New Generation Computing
DynaMMo: mining and summarization of coevolving sequences with missing values
Proceedings of the 15th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
Sustainable operation and management of data center chillers using temporal data mining
Proceedings of the 15th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on COMMUNICATIONS
GAMPS: compressing multi sensor data by grouping and amplitude scaling
Proceedings of the 2009 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of data
A time series representation model for accurate and fast similarity detection
Pattern Recognition
Mining closed patterns in multi-sequence time-series databases
Data & Knowledge Engineering
A frequent pattern based framework for event detection in sensor network stream data
Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Knowledge Discovery from Sensor Data
FAC '09 Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Foundations of Augmented Cognition. Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience: Held as Part of HCI International 2009
Multivariable stream data classification using motifs and their temporal relations
Information Sciences: an International Journal
UNDERTOW: multi-level segmentation of real-valued time series
AAAI'07 Proceedings of the 22nd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2
Relaxed selection techniques for querying time-series graphs
Proceedings of the 22nd annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Improving activity discovery with automatic neighborhood estimation
IJCAI'07 Proceedings of the 20th international joint conference on Artifical intelligence
Fast track article: Design of smart sensing components for volcano monitoring
Pervasive and Mobile Computing
Time series analysis with multiple resolutions
Information Systems
Proceedings of the 2008 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
Motif discovery in physiological datasets: A methodology for inferring predictive elements
ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data (TKDD)
Detection and prognostics on low-dimensional systems
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C: Applications and Reviews
Palmprint authentication using a symbolic representation of images
Image and Vision Computing
Toward unsupervised activity discovery using multi-dimensional motif detection in time series
IJCAI'09 Proceedings of the 21st international jont conference on Artifical intelligence
Mining closed flexible patterns in time-series databases
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Intelligent panic disorder treatment by using biofeedback analysis and web technologies
International Journal of Business Intelligence and Data Mining
Efficient pattern detection in extremely resource-constrained devices
SECON'09 Proceedings of the 6th Annual IEEE communications society conference on Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks
Probabilistic discovery of motifs in water level
IRI'09 Proceedings of the 10th IEEE international conference on Information Reuse & Integration
Discretization of Time Series Dataset with a Genetic Search
MICAI '09 Proceedings of the 8th Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence
An improved feature extraction technique for high volume time series data
SPPRA '07 Proceedings of the Fourth IASTED International Conference on Signal Processing, Pattern Recognition, and Applications
Distortion-free predictive streaming time-series matching
Information Sciences: an International Journal
Dimension and coverage of multiple-models structures using clustering techniques
MIC '08 Proceedings of the 27th IASTED International Conference on Modelling, Identification and Control
Real-time monitoring of water quality using temporal trajectory of live fish
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Learning Approximate Sequential Patterns for Classification
The Journal of Machine Learning Research
Time discretisation applied to anomaly detection in a marine engine
KES'07/WIRN'07 Proceedings of the 11th international conference, KES 2007 and XVII Italian workshop on neural networks conference on Knowledge-based intelligent information and engineering systems: Part I
Intelligent agents for real time data mining in telecommunications networks
AIS-ADM'07 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Autonomous intelligent systems: agents and data mining
A fast approximation strategy for summarizing a set of streaming time series
Proceedings of the 2010 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing
Escalation: complex event detection in wireless sensor networks
EuroSSC'07 Proceedings of the 2nd European conference on Smart sensing and context
Adaptive distance measurement for time series databases
DASFAA'07 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Database systems for advanced applications
Diagnostic powertracing for sensor node failure analysis
Proceedings of the 9th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks
Representing financial time series based on important extrema points
IITA'09 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Intelligent information technology application
A novel two-level clustering method for time series data analysis
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Approximate variable-length time series motif discovery using grammar inference
Proceedings of the Tenth International Workshop on Multimedia Data Mining
Relevant shape contour snippet extraction with metadata supported hidden Markov models
Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Image and Video Retrieval
Real-time visualization of network behaviors for situational awareness
Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Visualization for Cyber Security
(k,P)-anonymity: towards pattern-preserving anonymity of time-series data
CIKM '10 Proceedings of the 19th ACM international conference on Information and knowledge management
Preprocessing techniques for context recognition from accelerometer data
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
Video genetics: a case study from YouTube
Proceedings of the international conference on Multimedia
Efficient algorithm for a novel pattern of time series
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
ICDM'10 Proceedings of the 10th industrial conference on Advances in data mining: applications and theoretical aspects
Trajectory based behavior analysis for user verification
IDEAL'10 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Intelligent data engineering and automated learning
An improved piecewise aggregate approximation based on statistical features for time series mining
KSEM'10 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Knowledge science, engineering and management
A visual digital library approach for time-oriented scientific primary data
ECDL'10 Proceedings of the 14th European conference on Research and advanced technology for digital libraries
Enhancing the symbolic aggregate approximation method using updated lookup tables
KES'10 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Knowledge-based and intelligent information and engineering systems: Part I
A review on time series data mining
Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Discovery of skills from motion data
JSAI'03/JSAI04 Proceedings of the 2003 and 2004 international conference on New frontiers in artificial intelligence
Increasing availability of industrial systems through data stream mining
Computers and Industrial Engineering
Patterns of temporal variation in online media
Proceedings of the fourth ACM international conference on Web search and data mining
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
TIDES--a new descriptor for time series oscillation behavior
Geoinformatica
IEA/AIE'10 Proceedings of the 23rd international conference on Industrial engineering and other applications of applied intelligent systems - Volume Part I
Fast retrieval of time series using a multi-resolution filter with multiple reduced spaces
ADMA'10 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Advanced data mining and applications: Part I
Discretization of time series dataset using relative frequency and K-nearest neighbor approach
ADMA'10 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Advanced data mining and applications: Part I
Piecewise cloud approximation for time series mining
Knowledge-Based Systems
Complex Event Detection in Extremely Resource-Constrained Wireless Sensor Networks
Mobile Networks and Applications
Resource-aware ECG analysis on mobile devices
Proceedings of the 2011 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing
Temporal data mining approaches for sustainable chiller management in data centers
ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology (TIST)
COSINE: a vertical group difference approach to contrast set mining
Canadian AI'11 Proceedings of the 24th Canadian conference on Advances in artificial intelligence
Trust in human-computer interactions as measured by frustration, surprise, and workload
FAC'11 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Foundations of augmented cognition: directing the future of adaptive systems
INSIGHT: efficient and effective instance selection for time-series classification
PAKDD'11 Proceedings of the 15th Pacific-Asia conference on Advances in knowledge discovery and data mining - Volume Part II
Unsupervised discovery of motifs under amplitude scaling and shifting in time series databases
MLDM'11 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Machine learning and data mining in pattern recognition
Granulation-based symbolic representation of time series and semi-supervised classification
Computers & Mathematics with Applications
Group SAX: extending the notion of contrast sets to time series and multimedia data
PKDD'06 Proceedings of the 10th European conference on Principle and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases
Discovering patterns in real-valued time series
PKDD'06 Proceedings of the 10th European conference on Principle and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases
PKDD'06 Proceedings of the 10th European conference on Principle and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases
Mining approximate motifs in time series
DS'06 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Discovery Science
A multi-hierarchical representation for similarity measurement of time series
PAKDD'06 Proceedings of the 10th Pacific-Asia conference on Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining
Mining delay in streaming time series of industrial process
ADMA'06 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Advanced Data Mining and Applications
Construction of symbolic representation from human motion information
KES'06 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems - Volume Part II
Palmprint authentication using time series
AVBPA'05 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Audio- and Video-Based Biometric Person Authentication
Accurate symbolization of time series
PAKDD'05 Proceedings of the 9th Pacific-Asia conference on Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining
A comparative study on multiscale fractal dimension descriptors
Pattern Recognition Letters
Multivariate stream data classification using simple text classifiers
DEXA'06 Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications
Intelligent data interpretation and case base exploration through temporal abstractions
ICCBR'10 Proceedings of the 18th international conference on Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development
Times series discretization using evolutionary programming
MICAI'11 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Artificial Intelligence: advances in Soft Computing - Volume Part II
A method of similarity measure and visualization for long time series using binary patterns
PAKDD'11 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on New Frontiers in Applied Data Mining
nPlug: a smart plug for alleviating peak loads
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Future Energy Systems: Where Energy, Computing and Communication Meet
Online windowed subsequence matching over probabilistic sequences
SIGMOD '12 Proceedings of the 2012 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data
Proceedings of the 27th Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing
An adaptive algorithm for online time series segmentation with error bound guarantee
Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Extending Database Technology
SFA: a symbolic fourier approximation and index for similarity search in high dimensional datasets
Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Extending Database Technology
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
A framework for attack patterns' discovery in honeynet data
Digital Investigation: The International Journal of Digital Forensics & Incident Response
A new SAX-GA methodology applied to investment strategies optimization
Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Using SAX representation for human action recognition
Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation
Towards heterogeneous temporal clinical event pattern discovery: a convolutional approach
Proceedings of the 18th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
Multivariate time series classification by combining trend-based and value-based approximations
ICCSA'12 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Computational Science and Its Applications - Volume Part IV
Time series discord discovery using WAT algorithm and iSAX representation
Proceedings of the Third Symposium on Information and Communication Technology
Proceedings of the 16th International Database Engineering & Applications Sysmposium
Trajectory analysis for user verification and recognition
Knowledge-Based Systems
Detecting leisure activities with dense motif discovery
Proceedings of the 2012 ACM Conference on Ubiquitous Computing
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Fast and reliable anomaly detection in categorical data
Proceedings of the 21st ACM international conference on Information and knowledge management
Genetic algorithms-based symbolic aggregate approximation
DaWaK'12 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Data Warehousing and Knowledge Discovery
TSX: a novel symbolic representation for financial time series
PRICAI'12 Proceedings of the 12th Pacific Rim international conference on Trends in Artificial Intelligence
Rethinking concepts of the dendritic cell algorithm for multiple data stream analysis
ICARIS'12 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Artificial Immune Systems
Visualization of time-series data in parameter space for understanding facial dynamics
EuroVis'11 Proceedings of the 13th Eurographics / IEEE - VGTC conference on Visualization
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Of motifs and goals: mining trajectory data
Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems
ICONIP'12 Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Neural Information Processing - Volume Part IV
A symbolic representation method to preserve the characteristic slope of time series
SBIA'12 Proceedings of the 21st Brazilian conference on Advances in Artificial Intelligence
Sequential pattern mining -- approaches and algorithms
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Time series visualization based on shape features
Knowledge-Based Systems
Combining motif information and neural network for time series prediction
International Journal of Business Intelligence and Data Mining
Flexible and efficient retrieval of haemodialysis time series
BPM' 2012 Proceedings of the 2012 international conference on Process Support and Knowledge Representation in Health Care
Mastering the art of war: how patterns of gameplay influence skill in Halo
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Case-based reasoning in comparative effectiveness research
IBM Journal of Research and Development
Variance-wise segmentation for a temporal-adaptive SAX
AusDM '12 Proceedings of the Tenth Australasian Data Mining Conference - Volume 134
ABC-SG: a new artificial bee colony algorithm-based distance of sequential data using sigma grams
AusDM '12 Proceedings of the Tenth Australasian Data Mining Conference - Volume 134
A data-adaptive and dynamic segmentation index for whole matching on time series
Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment
Time series symbolization and search for frequent patterns
Proceedings of the Fourth Symposium on Information and Communication Technology
Stock market co-movement assessment using a three-phase clustering method
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Supporting historic queries in sensor networks with flash storage
Information Systems
Asynchronism-based principal component analysis for time series data mining
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
An approach to dimensionality reduction in time series
Information Sciences: an International Journal
CID: an efficient complexity-invariant distance for time series
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
Silhouette-based human action recognition using SAX-Shapes
The Visual Computer: International Journal of Computer Graphics
Trend forecasting of financial time series using PIPs detection and continuous HMM
Intelligent Data Analysis
Hi-index | 0.01 |
The parallel explosions of interest in streaming data, and data mining of time series have had surprisingly little intersection. This is in spite of the fact that time series data are typically streaming data. The main reason for this apparent paradox is the fact that the vast majority of work on streaming data explicitly assumes that the data is discrete, whereas the vast majority of time series data is real valued.Many researchers have also considered transforming real valued time series into symbolic representations, nothing that such representations would potentially allow researchers to avail of the wealth of data structures and algorithms from the text processing and bioinformatics communities, in addition to allowing formerly "batch-only" problems to be tackled by the streaming community. While many symbolic representations of time series have been introduced over the past decades, they all suffer from three fatal flaws. Firstly, the dimensionality of the symbolic representation is the same as the original data, and virtually all data mining algorithms scale poorly with dimensionality. Secondly, although distance measures can be defined on the symbolic approaches, these distance measures have little correlation with distance measures defined on the original time series. Finally, most of these symbolic approaches require one to have access to all the data, before creating the symbolic representation. This last feature explicitly thwarts efforts to use the representations with streaming algorithms.In this work we introduce a new symbolic representation of time series. Our representation is unique in that it allows dimensionality/numerosity reduction, and it also allows distance measures to be defined on the symbolic approach that lower bound corresponding distance measures defined on the original series. As we shall demonstrate, this latter feature is particularly exciting because it allows one to run certain data mining algorithms on the efficiently manipulated symbolic representation, while producing identical results to the algorithms that operate on the original data. Finally, our representation allows the real valued data to be converted in a streaming fashion, with only an infinitesimal time and space overhead.We will demonstrate the utility of our representation on the classic data mining tasks of clustering, classification, query by content and anomaly detection.