Steganography in halftone images: conjugate error diffusion

Authors:
Ming Sun Fu;Oscar C. Au
Affiliations:
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China;Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
Venue:
Signal Processing - Special section: Security of data hiding technologies
Year:
2003

Citing 1
Cited 7

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Image hiding scheme with modulus function and dynamic programming strategy on partitioned pixels

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Watermarking in dithered halftone images with embeddable cells selection and inverse halftoning

Signal Processing
Hiding Data in Halftone Images

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Watermarking in halftone images with parity-matched error diffusion

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Hiding data in parity check bit

Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Uniquitous Information Management and Communication
An Image Hiding Scheme Based on Multi-bit-reference Substitution Table Using Dynamic Programming Strategy

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Abstract

In this paper, we propose a method called data hiding by conjugate error diffusion (DHCED) to hide an invisible binary visual pattern in two or more error diffused halftone images, which can be from the same or different multi-tone images. In DHCED, distortions of limited magnitude are added to the multi-tone image such that the pixel values of the various halftone images tend to be conjugate to each other. With the conjugate relationship, the dark regions of the hidden pattern would appear on the halftone images when they are overlaid. Simulation results show that the DHCED watermarked halftone images have good visual quality, and the hidden pattern is revealed with good contrast when the watermarked halftone images are overlaid. Even better contrast can be achieved when more than two watermarked halftone images are used.