Automatic text processing: the transformation, analysis, and retrieval of information by computer
Automatic text processing: the transformation, analysis, and retrieval of information by computer
Speech and Language Processing: An Introduction to Natural Language Processing, Computational Linguistics, and Speech Recognition
Experiments in the automatic marking of ER-diagrams
ITiCSE '05 Proceedings of the 10th annual SIGCSE conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education
Using patterns in the automatic marking of ER-diagrams
Proceedings of the 11th annual SIGCSE conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education
Computer assisted assessment of diagrams
Proceedings of the 12th annual SIGCSE conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education
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This paper discusses an approach to the electronic (automatic) marking of examination papers, in particular, the extent to which it is possible to mark a candidate's answers automatically and return, within a very short period of time, a result that would be comparable with a manually produced score. The investigation showed that there are good reasons for manual intervention in a predominantly automatic process. The paper discusses the results of tests of the automatic marking process that in two experiments yielded grades for examination scripts that are comparable with human markers (although the automatic grade tends to be the lower of the two). An analysis of the correlations between the human and automatic markers shows highly significant relationships between the human markers (between 0.91 and 0.95) and a significant relationship between the average human marker score and the electronic score (0.86).