Various views on spatial prepositions
AI Magazine
Graphics and natural language as components of automatic explanation
Intelligent user interfaces
Interaktion von propositionalen und bildhaften Repräsentationen
Repräsentation und Verarbeitung räumlichen Wissens
Designing illustrated texts: how language production is influenced by graphics generation
EACL '91 Proceedings of the fifth conference on European chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics
Logic-Based Choice of Projective Terms
KI '99 Proceedings of the 23rd Annual German Conference on Artificial Intelligence: Advances in Artificial Intelligence
Referring to world objects with text and pictures
COLING '94 Proceedings of the 15th conference on Computational linguistics - Volume 1
Planning referential acts for animated presentation agents
ReferringPhenomena '97 Referring Phenomena in a Multimedia Context and their Computational Treatment
A corpus-based analysis of geometric constraints on projective prepositions
SigSem '07 Proceedings of the Fourth ACL-SIGSEM Workshop on Prepositions
Generating cross-references for multimedia explanation
AAAI'92 Proceedings of the tenth national conference on Artificial intelligence
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We present a localisation component that supports the generation of cross-modal deictic expressions in the knowledge-based presentation system WIP. We deal with relative localisations (e.g., "The object to the left of object X."), absolute localisations (e.g., "The object in the upper left part of the picture.") and corner localisations (e.g., "The object in the lower right corner of the picture"). In addition, we distinguish two localisation granularities, one less detailed (e.g., "the object to the left of object X.") and one more detailed (e.g., "the object above and to the left of object X."). We consider corner localisations to be similar to absolute localisations and in turn absolute localisations to be specialisations of relative localisations. This allows us to compute all three localisation types with one generic localisation procedure. As elementary localisations are derived from previously computed composite localisations, we can cope with both localisation granularities in a computationally efficient way. Based on these primary localisation procedures, we discuss how objects can be localised among several other objects. Finally we introduce group localisations (e.g., "The object to left of the group of other objects.") and show how to deal with them.