Ispike: A Post-link Optimizer for the Intel®Itanium®Architecture

  • Authors:
  • Chi-Keung Luk;Robert Muth;Harish Patil;Robert Cohn;Geoff Lowney

  • Affiliations:
  • -;-;-;-;-

  • Venue:
  • Proceedings of the international symposium on Code generation and optimization: feedback-directed and runtime optimization
  • Year:
  • 2004

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Abstract

Ispike is post-link optimizer developed for theIntel®Itanium Processor Family (IPF) processors.TheIPF architecture poses both opportunities and challenges topost-link optimizations.IPF offers a rich set of performancecounters to collect detailed profile information at a low cost,which is essential to post-link optimization being practical.At the same time, the prediction and bundling features onIPF make post-link code transformation more challengingthan on other architectures.In Ispike, we have implementedoptimizations like code layout, instruction prefetching, datalayout, and data prefetching that exploit the IPF advantages,and strategies that cope with the IPF-specific challenges.Using SPEC CINT2000 as benchmarks, we showthat Ispike improves performance by as much as 40% on theItanium®2 processor, with average improvement of 8.5%and 9.9% over executables generated by the Intel®Electroncompiler and by the Gcc compiler, respectively.We alsodemonstrate that statistical profiles collected via IPF performancecounters and complete profiles collected via instrumentationproduce equal performance benefit, but theprofiling overhead is significantly lower for performancecounters.