A graph distance metric based on the maximal common subgraph
Pattern Recognition Letters
Swarm intelligence: from natural to artificial systems
Swarm intelligence: from natural to artificial systems
New ideas in optimization
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
How to solve it: modern heuristics
How to solve it: modern heuristics
Swarm intelligence
Handbook of Evolutionary Computation
Handbook of Evolutionary Computation
Artficial Immune Systems and Their Applications
Artficial Immune Systems and Their Applications
Computers and Intractability: A Guide to the Theory of NP-Completeness
Computers and Intractability: A Guide to the Theory of NP-Completeness
Artificial Immune Systems: A New Computational Intelligence Paradigm
Artificial Immune Systems: A New Computational Intelligence Paradigm
Clustering Gene Expression Profiles with Memetic Algorithms
PPSN VII Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature
Niche Search: An Evolutionary Algorithm for Global Optimisation
PPSN IV Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature
Applying Genetic Algorithms To Finding The Optimal Gene Order In Displaying The Microarray Data
GECCO '02 Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference
Island Model genetic Algorithms and Linearly Separable Problems
Selected Papers from AISB Workshop on Evolutionary Computing
An Evolutionary Immune Network for Data Clustering
SBRN '00 Proceedings of the VI Brazilian Symposium on Neural Networks (SBRN'00)
Gene Clustering Using Self-Organizing Maps and Particle Swarm Optimization
IPDPS '03 Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing
Antibody repertoires and pathogen recognition: the role of germline diversity and somatic hypermutation
The Journal of Machine Learning Research
Recent Developments In Biologically Inspired Computing
Recent Developments In Biologically Inspired Computing
Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Foundation (3rd Edition)
Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Foundation (3rd Edition)
Applying memetic algorithms to the analysis of microarray data
EvoWorkshops'03 Proceedings of the 2003 international conference on Applications of evolutionary computing
Challenges for artificial immune systems
WIRN'05 Proceedings of the 16th Italian conference on Neural Nets
Learning and optimization using the clonal selection principle
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
A novel artificial immune network model and analysis on its dynamic behavior and stabilities
ICNC'06 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Advances in Natural Computation - Volume Part II
A novel model of artificial immune network and simulations on its dynamics
ISNN'06 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Advances in Neural Networks - Volume Part I
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Microarray technologies are employed to simultaneously measure expression levels of thousands of genes. Data obtained from such experiments allow inference of individual gene functions, help to identify genes from specific tissues, to analyze the behavior of gene expression levels under various environmental conditions and under different cell cycle stages, and to identify inappropriately transcribed genes and several genetic diseases, among many other applications. As thousands of genes may be involved in a microarray experiment, computational tools for organizing and providing possible visualizations of the genes and their relationships are crucial to the understanding and analysis of the data. This work proposes an algorithm based on artificial immune systems for organizing gene expression data in order to simultaneously reveal multiple features in large amounts of data. A distinctive property of the proposed algorithm is the ability to provide a diversified set of high-quality rearrangements of the genes, opening up the possibility of identifying various co-regulated genes from representative graphical configurations of the expression levels. This is a very useful approach for biologists, because several co-regulated genes may exist under different conditions.