High level knowledge sources in usable speech recognition systems
Communications of the ACM
Constraint projection: an efficient treatment of disjunctive feature descriptions
ACL '91 Proceedings of the 29th annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
A speech-first model for repair detection and correction
ACL '93 Proceedings of the 31st annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
Some chart-based techniques for parsing ill-formed input
ACL '89 Proceedings of the 27th annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
ACL '92 Proceedings of the 30th annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
Syntactic normalization of spontaneous speech
COLING '90 Proceedings of the 13th conference on Computational linguistics - Volume 3
Parsing spoken language: a semantic caseframe approach
COLING '86 Proceedings of the 11th coference on Computational linguistics
Surface-marker-based dialog modelling: A progress report on the MAREDI project
Natural Language Engineering
WIT: a toolkit for building robust and real-time spoken dialogue systems
SIGDIAL '00 Proceedings of the 1st SIGdial workshop on Discourse and dialogue - Volume 10
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This paper classifies distinctive phenomena occurring in Japanese spontaneous speech, and proposes a grammar and processing techniques for handling them. Parsers using a grammar for written sentences cannot deal with spontaneous speech because in spontaneous speech there are phenomena that do not occur in written sentences. A grammar based on analysis of transcripts of dialogues was therefore developed. It has two distinctive features: it uses short units as input units instead of using sentences in grammars for written sentences, and it covers utterances including phrases peculiar to spontaneous speech. Since the grammar is an augmentation of a grammar for written sentences, it can also be used to analyze complex utterances. Incorporating the grammar into the distributed natural language processing model described elsewhere enables the handling of utterances including variety of phenomena peculiar to spontaneous speech.