Talking to UNIX in English: an overview of UC
Communications of the ACM
The FRL Manual
A Knowledge-Based Approach to Language Production
A Knowledge-Based Approach to Language Production
PHRED: a generator for natural language interfaces
Computational Linguistics
Functional Unification Grammar: a formalism for machine translation
ACL '84 Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computational Linguistics and 22nd annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
Semantic interpretation using KL-ONE
ACL '84 Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computational Linguistics and 22nd annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
Telegram: a grammar formalism for language planning
ACL '83 Proceedings of the 21st annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
Inheritance in natural language processing
Computational Linguistics - Special issue on inheritance: I
FLUSH: a flexible lexicon design
ACL '87 Proceedings of the 25th annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
COLING '88 Proceedings of the 12th conference on Computational linguistics - Volume 1
Concretion: assumption-based understanding
COLING '88 Proceedings of the 12th conference on Computational linguistics - Volume 1
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The development of natural language interfaces to Artificial Intelligence systems is dependent on the representation of knowledge. A major impediment to building such systems has been the difficulty in adding sufficient linguistic and conceptual knowledge to extend and adapt their capabilities. This difficulty has been apparent in systems which perform the task of language production, i. e. the generation of natural language output to satisfy the communicative requirements of a system.The Ace framework applies knowledge representation fundamentals to the task of encoding knowledge about language. Within this framework, linguistic and conceptual knowledge are organized into hierarchies, and structured associations are used to join knowledge structures that are metaphorically or referentially related. These structured associations permit specialized linguistic knowledge to derive partially from more abstract knowledge, facilitating the use of abstractions in generating specialized phrases. This organization, used by a generator called KING (Knowledge INtensive Generator), promotes the extensibility and adaptability of the generation system.