Modeling control speculation for timing analysis
Real-Time Systems
A Contribution to Branch Prediction Modeling in WCET Analysis
Proceedings of the conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe - Volume 1
Faster WCET flow analysis by program slicing
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED conference on Language, compilers, and tool support for embedded systems
Branch target buffers: WCET analysis framework and timing predictability
Journal of Systems Architecture: the EUROMICRO Journal
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Branch prediction mechanisms are becoming commonplacewithin modern microprocessors. For developers ofreal-time control systems, the mechanisms present predictabilityproblems. The reasons are they increase thedifficulty in analysing software for its Worst-Case ExecutionTime without introducing unmanageable pessimismand they increase the variability of the softwareýs executiontimes. In this paper, we improve upon existing branchprediction analysis by taking into account the semanticcontext of the branches in the source code in order toclassify them as either being easy-to-predict or hard-to-predict.Based on this classification we provide a staticanalysis approach for bimodal and global-history branchprediction schemes. The analysis is applied to a previouslypublished example with the benefit that a more detailed explanationof its results is obtained.