The CD-ROM Drive: A Brief System Description
The CD-ROM Drive: A Brief System Description
Modeling Power Management for Hard Disks
MASCOTS '94 Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Modeling, Analysis, and Simulation On Computer and Telecommunication Systems
DRPM: dynamic speed control for power management in server class disks
Proceedings of the 30th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Online strategies for dynamic power management in systems with multiple power-saving states
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS)
High-performance adaptive-speed/CAV CD-ROM drive
IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
Stochastic modeling of a power-managed system-construction and optimization
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
Energy optimal speed control of devices with discrete speed sets
Proceedings of the 42nd annual Design Automation Conference
Energy optimization for a two-device data flow chain
Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE/ACM International conference on Computer-aided design
Energy optimal speed control of a producer--consumer device pair
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS) - Special Section LCTES'05
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Earlier techniques for low power speed control in disk drives running audio/video applications attempted to either match the drive's speed to the data rate requirement of the host application (just-in-time speed), or run it at the maximum drive speed, neither of which are energy-optimal in general. Starting from the theory of DC motors, we obtain a high-level power model of a disk drive. We then analytically obtain the speed profile (function of time) that minimizes the energy required to transfer a given amount of data from/to the drive, in a given amount of time. Based on a power model obtained by measurement from a commercial optical drive, it is estimated that the proposed speed control technique consumes 79\%, 70\% and 50\% less energy for VCD, SVCD and DVD video playback, respectively, when compared to existing just-in-time CLV techniques. This work also provides an analytical framework to understand earlier observations that buffering multimedia data and employing CAV mode in disk drives is more energy-efficient.