An approach to the evaluation of assistive technology
Assets '96 Proceedings of the second annual ACM conference on Assistive technologies
An interactive method for accessing tables in HTML
Assets '98 Proceedings of the third international ACM conference on Assistive technologies
The travails of visually impaired web travellers
HYPERTEXT '00 Proceedings of the eleventh ACM on Hypertext and hypermedia
A domain specific language framework for non-visual browsing of complex HTML structures
Assets '00 Proceedings of the fourth international ACM conference on Assistive technologies
Improving the accessibility of aurally rendered HTML tables
Proceedings of the fifth international ACM conference on Assistive technologies
Navigation of HTML tables, frames, and XML fragments
Proceedings of the fifth international ACM conference on Assistive technologies
Evaluation of a world wide web scanning interface for blind and visually impaired users
Proceedings of the HCI International '99 (the 8th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction) on Human-Computer Interaction: Communication, Cooperation, and Application Design-Volume 2 - Volume 2
Access to mathematics for visually disabled students through multimodal interaction
Human-Computer Interaction
A Semantic-web based framework for developing applications to improve accessibility in the WWW
W4A '06 Proceedings of the 2006 international cross-disciplinary workshop on Web accessibility (W4A): Building the mobile web: rediscovering accessibility?
Interpreting the layout of web pages
Proceedings of the 20th ACM conference on Hypertext and hypermedia
Acoustic Rendering of Data Tables Using Earcons and Prosody for Document Accessibility
UAHCI '09 Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Part III: Applications and Services
Determining accessibility needs through user goals
UAHCI'07 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Universal access in human computer interaction: coping with diversity
Detecting and recognizing tables in spreadsheets
DAS '10 Proceedings of the 9th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems
Interpretation of web page layouts by blind users
Proceedings of the 10th annual joint conference on Digital libraries
Using qualitative eye-tracking data to inform audio presentation of dynamic Web content
The New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia - Web Accessibility
Acoustic modeling of dialogue elements for document accessibility
UAHCI'11 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Universal access in human-computer interaction: applications and services - Volume Part IV
Browsing web based documents through an alternative tree interface: the webtree browser
ICCHP'06 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Computers Helping People with Special Needs
Setting the table for the blind
Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments
Diction based prosody modeling in table-to-speech synthesis
TSD'05 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Text, Speech and Dialogue
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
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Tables remain a persistent problem for visually impaired people using screen readers. Tables are complex structures that are widely used for different purposes such as spatial layout or data summarisation. The multi-dimensional nature of tables challenges the linear interaction styles typically supported by screen readers. To read a table, a user needs to maintain coherency of, and interact with more than one dimension. In this paper, we first characterise why tables are useful in print, but difficult to read in the audio. We present a survey of the relationship between table structure, intention and the reading styles employed to use the content of tables. We then present two different approaches for interacting with tables non-visually. These approaches are designed to support the characteristics of tables that make them such a popular and useful means of conveying information. The first approach provides a small table browser called EVITA (Enabling Visually Impaired Table Access), whose aim is to enable non-visual table browsing and reading in an analogous manner to the print medium. The second approach provides a table lineariser to transform tables into a form such that they can be easily read by screen readers.