CYC: a large-scale investment in knowledge infrastructure
Communications of the ACM
Hierarchical agent control: a framework for defining agent behavior
Proceedings of the fifth international conference on Autonomous agents
Knowledge entry as the graphical assembly of components
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Knowledge capture
Sketching for military courses of action diagrams
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
AI on the battlefield: an experimental exploration
Eighteenth national conference on Artificial intelligence
Knowledge analysis on process models
IJCAI'01 Proceedings of the 17th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2
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Building military simulations requires bridging the gap between the knowledge of commanders and computer representations of that knowledge. A significant part of this knowledge concerns military tasks, their interactions, and an understanding of how to grade their achievement. Action Models describe the complex spatial and temporal dynamics of goal directed tasks with a graphical notation. Commanders can understand the notation and Knowledge Engineers can convert it into declarative or procedural forms. The conversion makes possible automated After Action reviews of plans writen in terms of these tasks (Center for Army Lessons Learned (CALL) 1993). We describe Action Models, their conversion into Tapir, a declarative executable action language, and their use in the DARPA Rapid Knowledge Formation (RKF) Program.