Eigendecomposition of the multi-channel covariance matrix with applications to SAR-GMTI

Authors:
I. C. Sikaneta;J.-Y. Chouinard
Affiliations:
Defence Research and Development Canada Ottawa, 3701 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ont., Canada K1A 0Z4;Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laval University, Pavillion Adrien-Pouliot, Local 2108, Que., Canada G1K 7P4
Venue:
Signal Processing - Special section: New trends and findings in antenna array processing for radar
Year:
2004

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Signal Processing

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Abstract

This paper investigates ground moving target indication using a multiaperture synthetic aperture radar. Target detectors based on an eigendecomposition of the multi-channel covariance matrix are presented. Comparisons of the proposed detectors with classical methods, such as displaced phase centre antenna, or along track interferometry, show increased capability in heterogeneous terrain. By decomposing the complex Wishart probability distribution of the sample covariance matrix into probability distributions of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors, we calculate the probability of moving target detection vs. the signal to clutter plus noise ratio for a fixed false alarm rate in homogeneous and heterogeneous terrain. The probability distributions allow implementation of a constant false alarm rate detector. The complete analysis is presented for a two-channel system.